Question

We describe cognitive functions as being lateralized to one hemisphere or the other, but to what extent are these functions actually lateralized specifically to one hemisphere?

Answer 1

Lateralization of brain functions is basically a tendency. It is important for cognitive functions to get specialised. This specialisation of neural functions/cognitive functions remain associated either with one part or with some other part of brain.

Lateralization of brain talks about functions of right and left hemispheres of brain. If some functions become associated with a specific part of brain then it is called that function has become dominant function of that part. It can be understood through an example.

Language skills remain associated mainly with left hemisphere. Like this, reasoning and spatial abilities remains associated with right hemisphere of brain. Knowledge of this lateralization of hemisphere is very important for us.

It is of important nature because this knowledge can help in better predictions. Suppose we have met with an accident and a particular part of brain has become damaged then we can easily tell that what will be the consequences. Through this knowledge we can also take effective measures for effective remedial actions.

The two hemispheres remain associated with a structure known as corpus callosum. This structure actually helps in better coordination of these two parts of brain. Suppose left hemisphere is associated with language skills then it does not mean that we only and entirely depend on left hemisphere for language skills.

Our right hemisphere will also work in interpretation and analysis of words. It will complete the communication process. One part may be dominant but another part also acts in a complimentary manner. Information is being exchanged and interpreted through a give and take process. Complete lateralization or dominance can not be considered fully true.