Question

Data Table 1. Specific gravity of urine Standard urine Abnormal urine Real urine (optional) 1. What is the significance of the specific gravity of the abnormal urine?

Answer 1

1. SIGNIFICANCE-Urine specific gravity is the measure of the kidney ability to concentrate the urine.The important process of reabsorption by the kidneys is often the first renal function to become impaired.So,the specific gravity will detect dehydration or abnormality in the antidiuretic hormone.Urine is a solution of minerals, salts and other compounds dissolved in water.Therefore, specific gravity=water+ dissolved chemicals.

Specific gravity is the weight of urine compared to distilled water which has a specific gravity of 1.000.

• The specific gravity of the plasma entering the glomerulas is 1.010
• Isosthenuria, is urine with a specific gravity of 1.010
• Hyperstheuria=specific gravity is >1.010.
• Random sample=1.003 to 1.035
• Specific gravity is <1.003 is not urine.

Specific gravity depends upon the state of hydration and urine volume.High specific gravity indicates concentrated urine , low specific gravity indicates dilute urine and specific gravity can be read by reflectometer.

The increased specific gravity is seen in-

• Dehydration
• Decreased renal blood flow
• Diabetes mellitus
• Excessive water loss in fever
• congestive heart failure
• Proteinuria
• Water restriction

The decreased specific gravity is seen in-

• Diabetes insipidus
• Early chronic failure
• Severe renal damage
• Hypertension
• Overhydration
• Diuresis

Answer 2

Standard Urine: 20

Abnromal Urine: 40