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Fish Regulation Saltwater Fish vs Freshwater Fish Is the environment hypertonic / isotonic / hypotonic with respect to the ex
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Freshwater fish lives in an environment where there is less salt concentration than the extracellular fluid of fishes. This means, the environment is hypotonic​​​​​​ with respect to the extracellular fluid. These fishes are at risk of excess water entry into body and loss of ions.

These fishes maintain optimal internal solute and salt concentration by regulating the uptake and loss of water and ions. They actively take up lost ions via gills and release large amounts of very dilute urine.

On the other hand, saltwater fishes live in a environment where salt concentration is higher than the extracellular fluid. This means the environment is hypertonic with respect to the extracellular fluid of the fish. These are at risk of loss of water and excessive build up of salt in the body.

These fishes also regulate uptake and loss of salt and water. They actively secrete the excessive salt that builds up in the body, and they release a very concentrated urine to conserve water.

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