Question

Nuclear decay:

Describe (and give 4 examples) of nuclear decay and isotopes that are associated with each one (and why)

Answer 1

Q- Nuclear decay : Describe (and give 4 examples) of nuclear decay and isotopes that are associated with each one (and why) Solution - Nuclear Decay = Nuclear decay is also Called radioactive decay and it occurs when the nucleus of an atom is unstable and spontaneously emits energy in the form of of radiation. The result is that the nucleus changes into the nucleus of one or more other elements. These daugheter nuclei have a lower mass and are more stable (lower energy) than the parent nucleus. Nuclear Decay occurs in a series of sequential a - reations until a stable muleus is reached. Four example of Nuclear Decay and S. sotopes associated with each → ① Alpha decay :- Alpha decay produces a 1 helium-4 nucleus, which is also known as an Alpha particle. The daughter nucleus therefore contains two fewer protons and two fewer neutrons than the parent , NOAAAAAAAVAVAVAVAVAVAVALII

Example: 234 2.38 u th th little ® Beta decay In Beta decay there is emission of an electron (ß decay) or a positron (ß* decay) from the neucleus . Example (is ß- decay. 32p →ics + é + 5 (ii) ßt decay Na ina tetto 22 where, ét et v - electron - positron - nutrino antinutrino. J ③ Gamma decay - when an excited nuclius goes from its high energy level to Low energy level then there is emission of photon having energy equal to the difference of

the above energy levels (states). Example : Ey=1:17 Mev Er=1.33 mer 60 Ni - Electron Capture Electron capture occurs when an electron in the inner shell combines with a proton to form a neutron. Once there is an opening in the inner shell, a second election will move down to a lower energy state, leading to emission of an - x-ray . Example . 11 c te "B + o (neutrino ) 6 protons 5 hoten 6 а» 5 neutrons