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2. Nucleotides play important roles in cell signaling pathways in all three domains of life. List 5 different nucleotides involved in cell signaling. 5 pts.
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Cyclic nucleotides which contain single phosphate and a cyclic bond between sugar and phosphate are:

  • cAMP (cyclic Adenosine monophosphate)
  • cGMP (cyclic guanosine monophosphate)
  • cUMP (cyclic uridine monophosphate)
  • cCMP (cyclic cytosine monophosphate)
  • cTMP (cyclic thymine monophosphate)

These have biological significance of protein-ligand interaction. They are considered as secondary messenger in various signalling pathways as in ion channels and also allosteric effector of various DNA binding molecules in eukaryotIic cell. cAMP and cGMP are well known second messenger and cCMP also known in eukaryotic messaging. But cUMP and cTMP is less known in cell signalling.

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