Homework Answers
Receptor tyrosine kinases play significant role in signalling pathway. The active form is dimeric and comprises of two sub units. Each subunit contains three domains viz. extracellular signal binding domain, trans membrane region and the intracellular tyrosine rich domain. The sub unit is single pass trans membrane ( protien passes only once through the membrane). The binding of signal molecules to the receptor causes two sub units of receptor tyrosine kinase to dimerize. The dimerized form then undergoes phosphorylation on the intracellular tyrosine residues, which in turn interact with other molecules in the signalling pathways. So, the correct answer is option number 1 ( most RTK sub units are single pass trans membrane proteins).
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Which is true of Receptor Tyrosine kinases? Most RTK subunits are single-pass transmembrane proteins. They are...
What type of receptor is used by most growth factors (e.e EGF, FGF)? Whereas an RTK...
What type of receptor is used by most growth factors (e.e EGF, FGF)? Whereas an RTK will phosphorylate tyrosine residues on proteins, the other major family of protein kinases phosphorylates proteins on Approximately how many protein kinases are encoded in the human genome? residues. or
Which of the following statements accurately describe receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs)? There is more than one...
Which of the following statements accurately describe receptor tyrosine kinases (RTKs)? There is more than one correct answer. Select all the true statements. A) A ligand binds to the extracellular domain. B) RTKs are usually (but not always) monomeric in the absence of ligand. C) Ligand binding is required for autophosphorylation (cross-phosphorylation). D) The intracellular domain has phosphatase domains. E) The alpha subunit contains seven alpha helices that span the membrane. F) The structure includes a transmembrane helix.
A single transmembrane hormone receptor associates into a dimer upon binding to the hormone on the...
A single transmembrane hormone receptor associates into a dimer upon binding to the hormone on the exterior of the cell. The cytoplasmic domains of the receptor dimer have tyrosine kinase activity and each subunit of the dimer phosphorylates tyrosines in the other subunit. These phosphorylated tyrosines then serve as substrates for the binding of a membrane associated protein Xm. Upon the binding of Xm to the phosphorylated transmembrane dimer, the kinase activity of the dimer also phosphorylates the Xm protein...
2. The following is a description of a signaling pathway initiated by receptor tyrosine kinases. Ligand → RTK → Sos → Ras → Raf → MEK → ERK → Transcription factor → Cell growth A. (3pts) Which of the...
2. The following is a description of a signaling pathway initiated by receptor tyrosine kinases. Ligand → RTK → Sos → Ras → Raf → MEK → ERK → Transcription factor → Cell growth A. (3pts) Which of these steps indicates the protein is activated after a GTP exchange step? B. (3pts) Which of these proteins can be deactivated by phosphatases? C. (4pts) Describe a mutation that would cause Ras to be permanently "on"? Would this mutation lead to high...
A. B. C. D. E. F. Thank you receptors induce activation of adenlyate cyclase, which creates...
A. B. C. D. E. F. Thank you
receptors induce activation of adenlyate cyclase, which creates the second messenger(s) O G-Protein Coupled, CAMP O Tyrosine Kinase, CAMP OTyrosine Kinase, IP3 and DAG G-Protein Coupled, IP3 and DAG Which of the following is most likely to be activated by a small hydrophobic signal? OIntracellular receptor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase O G-Protein Coupled Receptor Ligand-Gated lon Channel Which of the following types of receptors require dimerization for activation? (Select any/all that apply) OLigand-gated...
How do single pass and multi-pass transmembrane proteins become inserted into a membrane?
How do single pass and multi-pass transmembrane proteins become inserted into a membrane?
Which of the following are NOT TRUE about tyrosine kinase-associated receptors? a. they bind to tyrosine...
Which of the following are NOT TRUE about tyrosine kinase-associated receptors? a. they bind to tyrosine kinases b. the alpha interferon receptor is an example of a tyrosine kinase-associated receptor. c. ligand binding results in phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic tails of the receptors on tyrosines d. they have tyrosine kinase domains
You want to tag the extracellular part of a single-pass transmembrane receptor with GFP, which re...
You want to tag the extracellular part of a single-pass transmembrane receptor with GFP, which requires that you modify the DNA sequence encoding the receptor to also include the DNA sequence encoding GFP. a) Would you tag the receptor so that GFP is fused to that portion of the polypeptide that is translocated into the ER lumen during translation? Or instead, would GFP be fused to that portion of the polypeptide that remains in the cytosol during translation? (2 points)...
After activation by a coupled receptor, G-proteins directly regulate which of the following? 1) Ion channels...
After activation by a coupled receptor, G-proteins directly regulate which of the following? 1) Ion channels 2) Nuclear receptor superfamily members 3) Smads 4) PKC and PKA
Which of the following are seven-transmembrane-domain serpentine proteins? Select any/all answers that apply. A. TGFβ-receptor II...
Which of the following are seven-transmembrane-domain serpentine proteins? Select any/all answers that apply. A. TGFβ-receptor II B. LRP C. Frizzled D. Patched E. Smoothened
What type of receptor is used by most growth factors (e.e EGF, FGF)? Whereas an RTK will phosphorylate tyrosine residues on proteins, the other major family of protein kinases phosphorylates proteins on Approximately how many protein kinases are encoded in the human genome? residues. or
2. The following is a description of a signaling pathway initiated by receptor tyrosine kinases. Ligand → RTK → Sos → Ras → Raf → MEK → ERK → Transcription factor → Cell growth A. (3pts) Which of these steps indicates the protein is activated after a GTP exchange step? B. (3pts) Which of these proteins can be deactivated by phosphatases? C. (4pts) Describe a mutation that would cause Ras to be permanently "on"? Would this mutation lead to high...
A. B. C. D. E. F. Thank you
receptors induce activation of adenlyate cyclase, which creates the second messenger(s) O G-Protein Coupled, CAMP O Tyrosine Kinase, CAMP OTyrosine Kinase, IP3 and DAG G-Protein Coupled, IP3 and DAG Which of the following is most likely to be activated by a small hydrophobic signal? OIntracellular receptor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase O G-Protein Coupled Receptor Ligand-Gated lon Channel Which of the following types of receptors require dimerization for activation? (Select any/all that apply) OLigand-gated...
After activation by a coupled receptor, G-proteins directly regulate which of the following? 1) Ion channels 2) Nuclear receptor superfamily members 3) Smads 4) PKC and PKA
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