Question

1:14 Back T F Relapse, the recurrence of malaria symptoms after months or even years of no disease, is associated with infections involving either P. vivax or P. ovale. T F If a different patient again experiences paroxysms after a period of time being symptom-free, and is diagnosed to be undergoing recrudescence, they are being exposed to the reactivation of hypnozoites within ytes T F If an individual receives a blood transfusion during a surgery, they could show symptoms of malaria of a tertian nature. T F Rhoptries are structures used to penetrate host cells and form a parasitophorous vacuole in the coccidia, and other apicomplexans. T F Individuals with malignant, tertian malaria show paroxysms on a 72 hour periodicity. T F Plasmodium falciparum can cause vascular blockage due to infected RBC's developing adhesive knobs on their external surface which can bind other RBC's T F If am experiencing classic paroxysms, chills and fevers, but one never can find the classic ring trophozoite, then I am infected with Plasmodium falciparum with a quarten periodicity. TF Micro- and macrogametocytes are produced from sporozoites that have penetrated erthryocytes. T F Depending on species, paroxysms can last from 36- 72 hours before subsiding only to restart in the future. T F Hemozoin granules accumulate in RBC's following rupture and release of merozoites from the meront. TF When microgametes and macrogametes fuse in the apicomplexa, a ookinete forms which then penetrates the gut wall and migrates to the salivary glands of the mosquito where it transforms into an oocyst. T F Spicules are intromittent organs responsible for sperm transfer. T F Nematodes undergo 4 molts in their life cycle. T F You can easily disinfect your yard of hookworms to prevent future infections. TF The life cycle of an acanthocephalan starts as an egg then cystacanth, acantheela, acanthor, and back to an adult. TF Plasmodium falciparum is a dangerous apicomplexan I part because it only infects reticulocytes which limits recruitmet to mature oxygen

Answer 1

ANSWER 1 :-

The most appropriate answer is 'TRUE' which indicates that the two strains Plasmodium ovale and Plasmodium vivax are able to relapse the symptoms associated with Malarial infection. These usually reside in a dormant or non-active state in the liver which gets converted into an active form and forms Merozoites responsible for recurrence of the infection.

ANSWER 2 :-

The most appropriate answer is 'TRUE'. It is being stated that these inactive forms in the dormant state are called as the Hypnozoites which at the time of relapse, starts multiplying and infecting the RBC's thereby resulting in recurrence of the symptoms and is said to be diagnosed in the form of recrudescence of infection.

ANSWER 3 :-

The most appropriate answer is 'TRUE'. The agent Plasmodium vivax is a parasite which is responsible for malarial infection in humans. This parasite can enter the human blood through blood transfusion and hence the chances of tertial fever after the surgery increases which is characterized by three different episodes of chill followed by fever followed by sweating and the conditions differ depending upon the strain in consideration.

ANSWER 4 :-

In the Apicomplexan protozoans, there presence of an anterior structure called as Rhoptry which consist of essential enzymes that plays a vital role in the degradation reactions associated with the host cell and this indicates that the most appropriate answer is 'TRUE'.

ANSWER 5 :-

The tertian fever associated with malaria occurs on the third day and not 72 hours post first cycle of appearance. This indicates that the most appropriate answer is 'FALSE'.

ANSWER 6 :-

The statement is partially correct upto the synthesis of the adhesive knob but this is associated with binding to the endothelial layer of the blood vessel rather than directly binding to the other RBC's which indicates that the most appropriate answer is 'FALSE'.

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