Question

1. Which of the following is not one of the four(4) macromolecules.

a. Carbohydrates

b. Lipids

c. Nudelc acids

d. Nope of the above

2. A common characteristic of organic molecules versus inorganic molecules is: 

a. Usually involve ionic bonding

b. Always contain a small number of atoms

c. Always contain carbon and hydrogen

d. often associated with nonliving matte

 3. Splitting of a bond by adding water refers to:

a. A hydrolysis reaction

b. A dehydration synthesis reaction

c. Acid-base reaction

d. All of the above

4. The class of molecules that includes monosaccharides, disaccharides and polysaccharides is called:

a. Nucleic acids

b. Carbohydrates.

C. Lipids

d. Steroids

5. When comparing the structure of DNA to RNA, which is not a characteristic of RNA:

a. Single stranded

b. Ribose

c. Double helix

d. All of the above

6. A. protein can have up to levels of structure.

a. Three

b. Four

c. Six

d. Eight

7. An organic molecule consisting of only a single sugar molecule is called a:

a. Monosaccharide

E. Disaccharide

c. A triglyceride

d. None of the above

Answer 1

1)option D .

Biological macromolecules are large molecules,necessary for life,that are built from smaller organic molecules.The four major classes of macromolecules include carbohydrates,lipids,proteins and nucleic acids.Four of them are important cell components and performs a wide array of functions.The given three of them are macromolecules coming under the four.These macromolecules are made up of single units called monomers that are joined by covalent bonds to form larger polymers.

2)option D is the correct answer.Organic as well as inorganic molecules are associated with living matters,because organic compounds are find in the living things such as carbohydrtates,proteins,lipids etc,and inorganic molecules may not contain within living things but they are associated.Examples of inorganic molecule are water,oxygen,carbondioxide etc...These all are associated with living things.In organic and inorganic molecules covalent bonds are usually found.According to the modern VBT concept,a covalent bond is formed between two atoms if there is an overlapping of an atomic orbital of one atom with an atomic orbital of another atom.The molecular bond formed is termed as pi bond.Organic molecules are more complex than inorganic molecules.Organic molecules can range in size from simple molecules to complex structures containing thousands of atoms.Organic molecules always contain carbon and hydrogen whereas inorganic molecules do not contain carbon -hydrogen bonds.

3)option A is the correct answer.A chemical process of decomposition involving the splitting of a bond by the addition of water is called as hydrolysis.This reaction needs an energy input ,so it is an endothermic reaction.Dehydration synthesis is the process of joining two molecules or compounds together following the removal of water.An acid base reaction is a type of chemical reaction that involves the exchange of one or more hydrogen ions between species that may be neutral or electrically charged.

4)option B is the correct answer,carbohydrates.They are the essential macromolecules which are classified into three subtypes;monosaccharides,disaccharides and polysaccharides.Monosaccharides contains a single unit of carbohydrate whereas dissacharide contains two and poly contains many sugar units as in polymers-most contain glucose as the monosaccharide unit.Monomer of nucleic acid is nucleotide and lipids are glycerol and fattyacids.And steroids are man made version of chemicals called hormones that are made naturally in the human body.They are a form of lipid too.

5)option C is the correct answer.

Because RNA does not have a double helical structure.DNA have double helical structure in which the bases are held together by hydrogen bonds.RNA is single stranded,so that they are relatively unstable in nature.They can be easily degraded due to their single stranded nature.RNA have ribose sugar moeity and DNA have deoxyribose sugar moeity.

6)option B is the correct answer.Upto four levels.Primary,secondary,teritiary and quarternary.These levels also reflect their temporal sequence.It is helpful to understand the nature and function of each level of protein structure inorder to fully understand how a protein works.For monomeric proteins ,teritiary is the highest level.

7)option A is the correct answer.

Monosaccharides are the simplest form of sugar and the basic units of the organic macromolecule,carbohydrates.They cannot be further hydrolyzed to other chemical compounds because they contains only one sugar molecule.They consists of carbon atoms to which are attached hydrogen atoms,atleast one hydroxyl groups,and either an aldehyde and ketone group.