Question

What principal mechanisms and molecular mechanisms are responsible for maintaining resting potential in neurons?

Answer 1

A resting neuron has a voltage across its membrane called the resting membrane potential, or simply the resting potential.
The resting potential is determined by concentration gradients of ions across the membrane and by membrane permeability to the ion.
In a resting neuron, there are concentration gradients across the membrane for sodium and potassium. ions move down their gradients via channels, leading to a separation of charge that creates the resting potential.
The membrane is much more permeable to potassium than sodium.so ,the resting potential is close to the equilibrium potential of potassium.