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Let F be the set of all real-valued functions having as domain the set R of all real numbers. Example 2.7 defined the binary
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29. Let f_1, f_2 and f_3 are real valued function having as domain the set \mathbb{R}. Now,

\{f_1+(f_2+f_3)\}(x) = f_1(x)+(f_2+f_3)(x) \\ \Rightarrow \{f_1+(f_2+f_3)\}(x) = f_1(x)+f_2(x)+f_3(x)\\ \Rightarrow \{f_1+(f_2+f_3)\}(x) = (f_1+f_2)(x)+f_3)(x)\\ \Rightarrow \{f_1+(f_2+f_3)\}(x) = \{(f_1+f_2)+f_3)\}(x)\\ \Rightarrow f_1 + (f_2+f_3) = (f_1+f_2)+f_3

Thus + on F is associative .

30. Let f_1(x) = 5, f_2(x) = 0\forall x \in \mathbb{R}. Now,

f_1(x)-f_2(x)=5 but f_2(x)-f_1(x)=-5 thus function subtraction - is not commutative

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