Question

phylogenic tree help

11. For this question, refer to FIG. 24.2 (p. 487) "The family tree of the lesser and great apes."This figure shows the derivation of "earlobes". Assume that evolution has not reversed this character state in any of the descendants of this ancestor which evolved earlobes. Given this, what do we know about earlobes? Orangutan Gibbon (14 species in 4 genera) Gorilla Bonobo Chimpanzee Human ebepodeny Robust canine teeth Prosimians: Bushbabies New World Old World and lemurs monkeys monkeys Apes The characters listed in the ancestral lineages certainly do not represent all the most important evolutionary changes that occurred in these Lesser apes ancestors. Rather,they are a sample of the changes Great apes that occurred at each stage. Figure 24 2 Biology How Life Works 2014 WH Feeeman and Company Earlobes are an ancestral character of the monophyletic group consisting of human, bonobo, and chimpanzee Only some apes have earlobes 。Earlobes are a shared, derived trait (synapomorphy) of the monophyletic group consisting of human, bonobo, chimpanzee, and gorilla Orangutans do not have earlobes All of these statements can be inferred from the phylogenetic tree shown in FIG. 24.2

Answer 1

Answer 11. Earlobes are a shared, derived trait(synapomorphy) of the monophyletic group consisting of human, bonobo, chimpanzee and gorilla.

Answer 9. Caecilians are more closely related to salamanders than they are to frogs.

Answer 7. The most recent common ancestor of the Mangrove and Woodpecker finches. Because it's an internal node which always represents an ancestor of descendents.