Question

4. Propose an experiment and suggest a control treatment for each of the following questions. a. Do bearded dragons that are genetically male change into females eggs are incubated at temperatures above 32°C? Experiment: Control: b. Is the cause of colic in newborns related to the microbial community in their intestines? Experiment: Control: Tel e c. Female waterbugs lay their eggs on the backs of male waterbugs who care for the eggs. Do female waterbugs prefer to mate with male water- bugs with large numbers of eggs? Experiment: Control: tale

Answer 1

yes the bearded dragons undergo temperature sex determination where based on particular temperatures like below 32 degree celsius the eggs converted in to males but eggs that are genetically males incubated at temperatures above 32 degrees they are converted into females.

Experiment- impact of different temperatures on bearded dragons and control will be eggs incubated with 32 degrees increase in temperature and without increase in temperature.

Eggs from the same clutch were taken and incubated at different temperatures above 32 degrees and below 32 degrees under common environmental conditions, food provision, and housing in both the dragon eggs. It can be observed the sex of eggs incubated above 32 degrees is female. To check whether any other circumstance or factor other than temperature is responsible for the sex influence the control can be set in which the eggs from the same clutch are used and incubated at ideal conditions without any temperature change. There was no any influence of sex change observed or the females having more of the male characters are expressed. This shows that in the course of changing temperatures, to cope up with the environment they inherit a male phenotype. It is a type of survival strategy.

#2 experiment _ case/control experiment in which two types of samples are taken from babies with colics and control will be babies without colics.

Experiment protocol: using the stools extract the microbial DNA and examine their 16S gene for their composition to identify, diffrent microbial community and determine and compare whether there is any corelation between the microbial community present in stool with colics and without coics.

Case must contain samples from babies with colics

Controls must have samples from babies of the same age group but without colics.

#3

Experiment: to check that whether female water bugs prefer to mate with male water bugshaving large number of eggs, the protocol can include "placing female water bugs with males without eggs on their back and placing female waterbugs with males with large eggs on their back. Thier behaviors are observed under both conditions results can be interpreted accordingly, whether they are fovouring the males with eggs having on their back. The control group can be positive control in which females are with males having eggs on their back which shows that they take care of the eggs.