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(5 points) Discuss the perspectives and criteria for a working definition of a microbial species:

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Perspectives: The two perspectives when determining a microbial species are:

  • Phylogeny which is based on DNA relatedness
  • Ecology which is based on shared traits and ecological niche

Criteria: The three criteria for working definition of a Prokaryotic species are:

  • DNA hybridization should be > 70%. Heat up to separate two strains, after melting at least 70% of this DNA should get together.
  • Small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) similarity must be > 97%
  • Average nucleotide identity (ANI) of orthologs > 95% (Orthologs are genes that have the same function and same origin in different organisms)
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