Question

Circle the appropriate cell type in which the listed structure or molecule can be found. Note that the structure or molecule can be found in more than one type of cell. cell type structure or molecule A DNA B nucleus animal plant bacterial animal plant bacterial plasma membrane animal plant bacterial D chloroplast E cell wall F lysosome G mitochondriorn H Golgi apparatus animal plant bacterial animal plant bacterial animal plant bacterial animal plant bacterial animal plant bacterial

Answer 1

Ans) DNA found in animals, Plants, and bacteria

DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid) which as hereditary material and carry the genetic information from one generation next generation. It restores the species identity. The Double helical model of DNA was given by the James Watson and Francis Crick in 1953 based on the Chargoff’s rules and X-ray diffraction data of Wilkins and Franklins. According to them, two polynucleotide chains run twist around each other form right-handed double helix. They are anti-parallel in nature (one strand run in 5’ to 3’ direction and other in 3’ to 5’ direction). In DNA Adenine always pair with Thymine with two hydrogen bonds and Guanine always pair with Cytosine with three hydrogen bonds.

Ans) Nucleus found in animals, Plants but absent in Bacteria

The nucleus is cell control center and it was discovered by the Robert Brown. It is a membrane-enclosed organelle harbor the genetic material called DNA. Nucleus maintains the integrity of genes in DNA and controls the all activities of the cell because of this it is called the control center of the cell. In bacteria, the DNA located region called nucleoid and it is not the true nucleus.

Ans) Plasma membrane found in animals, Plants and bacteria

Plasma membrane forms the outer barrier of the cell and it is also called cell membrane or cytoplasmic membrane and it separate cell from the outside environment. Made up of a lipid bilayer, which is selectively permeable.

Ans) Chloroplast present in Plants and Bacteria (Cyano bacteria or blue green algae)

Chloroplasts are organelles that carry photosynthesis. They have chlorophyll A photosynthetic pigment which captures the energy of sunlight and converts it chemical energy which stored in the form ATP. The ATP is utilized to production of carbohydrates.

Ans) cell wall present in Plants and Bacteria but absent in animals.

Cell wall is outer most layer of cell. In plants it is chemically made up cellulose hemi cellulose and pectin. In bacteria it is composed by the peptidoglycan which is made up two repeating units called N-actyl glucosamine (NAG) and N-actyl muramic acid (NAM).

Ans) Lysosomes found in animals and Plants but absent in Bacteria

Lysosomes are membrane bound organelles found in cytoplasm of cell and also called suicidal bags of the cell. They contain large number of hydrolytic enzymes which required for digestion of extra cellular particles.

Ans) Mitochondria found in animals and Plants but absent in Bacteria

Mitochondria: it is also called power house of cell and it is a double membrane-bound organelle found in all eukaryotes. It produces huge quantities of energy in the form of adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Ans) Golgi apparatus found in animals and Plants but absent in Bacteria

Golgi apparatus: it is also called Golgi complex or Golgi body and discovered by Italian scientist Camillo Golgi in 1897. It is a part of the endo-membrane system involved in protein sorting.