Question

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1. For each of the statements below relating to action potentials, fill in the blank with the correct ion: Ca++, K+, Nat, or Cl-. (5 points) At resting potential, the equilibrium voltage is maintained in part by chloride ions and other anions inside the cell and by the action of the the pump, there is a higher concentration of concentration of pump. Because of the action of ions inside the cell and a higher ons outside the cell. A small depolarization of the cell results in rapid opening of voltage-gated channels while the voltage-gated channels stay closed flows into the axon, causing further depolarization. The inactivation loop closes the voltage-gated voltage-gated end of the axon, calcium ions flow into the nerve cell to trigger fusion of vesicles containing neurotransmitters to enter the synapse. channels, and the channels finally open. Now, ions flow out of the cell. At the

Answer 1

At resting potential , the equilibrium voltage is maintained in part by chloride ions and other anions inside the cell and by the action of the Na+ - K+ pump. Because of the action of the pump, there is a higher concentration of K+ ions inside the cell and a higher concentration of Na+ ions outside the cell. A small depolarization of the cell results in rapid opening of voltage-gated Na+ channels while the voltage -gated K+ channels stay closed. Na+ flows into the axon, causing further depolarization. The inactivation loop closes the voltage-gated  Na+ channels and the voltage gated K+ channels finally open. Now Na+ ions flow out of the cell. At the end of axon, calcium ions flow into the nerve cell to trigger fusion of vesicles containing neurotransmitters to enter synapse.

The above process discusses the resting membrane potential and the propagation of action potential.