LDL receptors
What would be the metabolic consequences of cells not expressing LDL receptors?
Homework Answers
In the absence of expression of the LDL receptors, the lipids (particularly cholesterol, free, and esterified) collagen, fibrous tissue, proteoglycans, calcium deposits etc will be accumulated in the arteries leading to the atherosclerosis.
One pathway that appears to relate elevated cholesterol levels to atherosclerosis involves the oxidation of LDL....
One pathway that appears to relate elevated cholesterol levels to atherosclerosis involves the oxidation of LDL. Which of the following are consequences of this process? a. Though the mechanism by which this occurs is not completely understood, this oxidation includes the peroxidation of fatty acids, the hydroxylation of cholesterol, and the oxidation of amino acids. b. The presence of scavenger receptors on macrophages allows unlimited cholesterol uptake, leading to its conversion to foam cells. c. Oxidized LDL products induce an...
arrange the order of events for the internalization of LDL particles into cells: 1) A combination...
arrange the order of events for the internalization of LDL particles into cells: 1) A combination of cholesterol and apolipoprotein binds to LDL receptors and becomes internalized as endocytotic vesicles. 2) The environment of the endosome becomes acidic, which causes the LDL to dissociate from its receptor; additionally, the endosome fuses with a lysosome. 3) Several endocytotic vesicles fuse to form an endosome. 4) The LDL particle is degraded by the lysosome. 5) LDL receptors migrate to the cell surface...
LDL particles can be oxidized after prolonged circulation. Macrophages can absorb these oxidized LDL particles using...
LDL particles can be oxidized after prolonged circulation. Macrophages can absorb these oxidized LDL particles using so-called scavenger receptors onto the plasma membrane. Why can this cause macrophages to be converted into foam cells? a. Oxidized cholesterol molecules are toxic to the macrophages. b. Oxidized cholesterol molecules feedback does not inhibit cholesterol synthesis in the macrophages, so the macrophages are overfilled with cholesterol. c. Oxidized cholesterol molecules, unlike non-oxidized cholesterol, cannot be excreted from the macrophages, so the macrophages are...
3) Indicate which of the following statements best describes HDL and which best describes LDL cholesterol....
3) Indicate which of the following statements best describes HDL and which best describes LDL cholesterol. • Removes cholesterol from the cells and returns it to the liver for elimination or recycling A) HDL B) LDL • Associated with an increased risk of heart disease A) HDL B) LDL • Delivers cholesterol to the cells A) HDL B) LDL • Can be increased through exercise A) HDL B) LDL 7) Your mom wants to lose weight and is asking about what...
4. There are a variety of receptors and second messenger systems in cells that in many...
4. There are a variety of receptors and second messenger systems in cells that in many cases exhibit cross-talk with each other (the activation of one can influence the behavior of another). Given this fact understanding how ligand activated receptors works is not as easy as presented in your book or in class. a. There are a number of different ligands that interact with their respective receptors. How do receptors for testosterone, ferro transferrin and Fibroblast Growth Factor differ from...
Why are LDL low density lipoproteins considered to be the "bad" cholesterol relative to the high...
Why are LDL low density lipoproteins considered to be the "bad" cholesterol relative to the high density lipoprotein particles? A) HDL particles contain a different form of cholesterol B) Because the lower the density of the particle, the more cholesterol it contains. C) Because HDL receptors are not found on cells
b. The proper operation of our LDL system is critical to our LDL/HDL ratio which is...
b. The proper operation of our LDL system is critical to our LDL/HDL ratio which is a typical component of most blood tests done when you are having a physical. The ideal ratio is 3.5 to 1. In select cases, however, LDL is in very high concentrations in the blood resulting in familiar hypercholesterolemia (FH). i. CHALLENGE: There are a number of different genetic defects that can cause FH. You are working with a cell line from a patient...
How is a reflex arc organized? Sensory receptors are located on [ Choose ] ...
How is a reflex arc organized? Sensory receptors are located on [ Choose ] Interneurons Muscle cells Sensory receptors Sensory neurons Motor neurons Sensory neurons synapse with [ Choose ] Interneurons Muscle cells Sensory receptors Sensory neurons Motor neurons Interneurons synapse with...
Receptors
A chemoreceptor responds to a chemical stimulus. Which of the following pairs of receptors detects chemicals?a. rods, taste budsb. cochlear hair cells, olfactory sensory neuronsc. taste buds, olfactory sensory neuronsd. cochlear hair cells, rods
Question 19 Consider the endocytosis of LDL particles by human skin cells. Of the event listed,...
Question 19 Consider the endocytosis of LDL particles by human skin cells. Of the event listed, which one takes place first is the earliest event, or those listedi? - Uncoating of clathrin from vesicle -Fusion of late endosome to lysosome - Dissociation of LDL. from LDL receptor - Fusion of endocytotic vesicle to early endosome Fusion of endocytoti vesicle to early endosome Uncoating of clathrin from veside Fusion of late endosome to lysosome Dissociation of LDL from LDL receptor
LDL particles can be oxidized after prolonged circulation. Macrophages can absorb these oxidized LDL particles using so-called scavenger receptors onto the plasma membrane. Why can this cause macrophages to be converted into foam cells? a. Oxidized cholesterol molecules are toxic to the macrophages. b. Oxidized cholesterol molecules feedback does not inhibit cholesterol synthesis in the macrophages, so the macrophages are overfilled with cholesterol. c. Oxidized cholesterol molecules, unlike non-oxidized cholesterol, cannot be excreted from the macrophages, so the macrophages are...
Question 19 Consider the endocytosis of LDL particles by human skin cells. Of the event listed, which one takes place first is the earliest event, or those listedi? - Uncoating of clathrin from vesicle -Fusion of late endosome to lysosome - Dissociation of LDL. from LDL receptor - Fusion of endocytotic vesicle to early endosome Fusion of endocytoti vesicle to early endosome Uncoating of clathrin from veside Fusion of late endosome to lysosome Dissociation of LDL from LDL receptor
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