Question

QUESTION 43 Digitalis therapy is useful for the treatment of congestive heart failure because it: o inhibits elastase activity o improves cardiac tone and contractibility o restricts resistance-capacitance vessels o decreases capillary permeability QUESTION 44 Allium sativum (garlic) is effective in the treatment of blood disorders, such as high cholesterol and lipid levels due to the presence of these: o alkaloids o sulfur compounds o salicylic acid o coumarins

Answer 1

43. Digitalis is a kind of therapeutic plant origin medicine used in the treatment of congestive heart failure as it improves cardiac tone and contractibility. It works by regulating Na+/ K+ channel in myocytes and thus increases Intracellular Na+ ions concentration which will ultimately leads to an increase in intracellular Ca+ ions concentration. Thus increases cobntractibility. The medicine also posses some adverse effect thus continous profiling is required and overdose of drug is prohibited.

44. sulfur compounds.

Allium sativum is a medicinal plant, it is considered to be effective in fever, cough, eczema and contains antitumor activity. It is also known to reduce high cholesterol and lipid levels because of the presence of sulphur compounds.

Alkaloids are organic compounds containing nitrogen. Alkaloida imparts physiological effect on humans. For example - morphine.

Salicyclic acid is a type of benzoic acid, it is used as anti inflammatory agent as it is known to be helpful in fighting against acne and other skin disorders.

Coumarins belongs to the class of benzopyrenes and posses anticoagulant activity. Also used in perfumes. Firstly found in plant Tonka bean.

Garlic's sulphur compound containing extract inhibits acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase and thus reduces the level of lipids and atherosclerosis.