Question

A 51-year-old man named Robert Bragg reported to a hospital in the United Kingdom complaining of general malaise (discomfort), myalgia (muscle pain), fevers, headache, vomiting, and diarrhea. He complained that during the day he felt weak and tired; he was unsure if this was because his symptoms kept him awake at night, or if something else was causing his fatigue.

Robert had recently returned from a two-week safari in central Africa. He said that he felt fine during the entire trip, but reported that he had received numerous bug bites while on safari. He also said that while he was in Africa he routinely ate unfamiliar foods, including meats, which may have been prepared and stored under conditions that would not be considered sanitary practices in the United Kingdom.

Doctors suspected Robert’s symptoms were caused by an infection he developed while on safari.

Because Robert had spent much of his time outdoors in an area of the world where the Anopheles mosquitoes that transmit malaria are common, the doctors immediately suspected he had contracted malaria, because his symptoms matched those generally expected of people with malaria.

. exoerythrocytic development ends with the production of these cells that return to the circulation. (1 point)

                Sporozoites                           merozoites                            trophozoites                          schizont

6. During the erythrocytic phase, these cells invade which cell type in the human? Type answer as three words, separated by one space and using lowercase letters. Do not use abbreviations. (1 point)
7. Most treatments for malaria are based on some form of which drug? Type answer as 1 word using lowercase letters. (1 point)\
8. Which genetically inherited disorder provides natural resistance to the African populations? Type answer as the three word name for this disorder, using lowercase letters and correct punctuation, and separating words with one space. (1 point)

To confirm the diagnosis doctors collected a blood sample from Robert to analyze for the presence of the

Plasmodium falciparum parasites that cause the disease.

When doctors looked at Robert’s blood smear under a light microscope, they did not see any malaria parasites.

However, they did make a startling discovery. The red blood cells appeared normal size, shape and number with an elongated, eel-like protozoan parasite located outside the red blood cells.

9. From the blood work description and the patient history, what is the most likely infection Robert has contracted? Type answer as 3 words, separating each word with one space and using appropriate capitalization. (2 points)
10. Name the microorganism that causes this infection. Type answer as two words (Genus and species), using correct capitalization, and separating each word with one space. (2 points)

Answer 1

Answer 1:)

The person is infected with the Plasmodium parasite. In this, the exoerythrocytic development of plasmodium, mosquitoes release sporozoites when biting a human.

Answer 2:)

In the erythrocytic phase, the plasmodium cells invade the red blood cells (erythrocytes).

Answer 3:)

African populations who are inherited with heterozygous sickle cell anemia trait, are resistible to malaria infection.

Answer 4:)

If there is no Plasmodium falciparum, the patient has Giardia lamblia infection.

Answer 5:)

The name of the protozoan is Giardia lamblia.

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