Your body encounters a bacterium that is coated in LPS. How does the innate immune system...
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Your body encounters a bacterium that is coated in LPS. How does the innate immune system recognize and respond to the bacteria in your system? Make sure to include any pathways of activation, cells or processes that will be utilized.
Homework Answers
The
image is from Qin et al., Sci Rep. 6:23240 (DOI:
10.1038/srep23240).
LPS from bacteria or any pathogen is recognized Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) of immune cells like dendritic cells, mast cels, neutrophils, and B-cells. In turn, TLR4 activates various signalling pathways like NFkB signalling, PI3K/Akt signalling, MAPK signalling, etc. All these pathways finally end up promoting transcription of various inflammatory cytokines & chemokines and interferons leading to buildup of inflammation around the LPS molecule (bacteria).
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