Question

2. Research into the origins of life on Earth is based on laboratory observations that mimic hypothesized conditions on early earth. Which of the following has not been observed in laboratory experiments? A. Spontaneous formation of amino acids, simple sugars, and nucleotides from abiotic components B. Reactions catalyzed by RNA molecules isolated from pre-existing cells C. Spontaneous formation self-replicating RNA molecules from abiotic components D. Spontaneous formation of membranes from lipids in aqueous environments E. Spontaneous formation of polymers from building blocks such as amino acids and nucleotides

could somebody pleas help me with these 3 questions? thank you!

Answer 1

2. Option C

RNA should in theory be able to self replicate without the help of proteins however this is not seen in nature. This cannot be done with abiotic components because it needs ribosomes to replicate.

4. Option E

Most taxonomists avoid paraphyletic groups whenever they think it is possible within Linnaean taxonomy; polyphyletic taxa have long fallen out of fashion.

5. Option C

A true taxonomic group is considered monophyletic, and contains all descendants from one ancestor.