Question

The following graph shows the trends in bacteria and viruses after they infect an organism. Number of bacteria Number of viruses → Time Time

Answer 1

Solution:

A) Bacteria generally uses their own machinery of enzymes for the replication, transcription and translation like fundamental process in a cell. They only require a suitable nvironment to activate their enzymes and thereby multiply into different copies. On the other hand a virus almost partially or entirely depends on the transcription and translation like machineries of host organism. Actually these viruses mimic the host system and make the system believe that intruders are not foreign. Initial incorporation of viral genetic material into the host DNA is evident in many cases.This is done for the production of several viral proteins by utilizing host transcription system. Viruses like HIV are found to hijack the host proteins which gnerally help for the endocytosis.

B) Many antibiotics target the cell wall of pathogen, more precisely bacteria. Presence or absnce of prominent peptidoglycan on the membrane classifies the bacteria in to two types Gram positive and Gram negative strains. The antibiotic effective against the Gram positive strains of bacteria might not work against Gram negative strains and vice versa.