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9. What is the role of bile salts and crystal violet in MacConkey agar? 10. Why do non-fermenters form white/colorless coloni
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9a.  Bile salts and crystal violet inhibit the growth of Gram-positive organisms.

10.  Colonies of non-lactose fermenting bacteria appear colourless or transparent.

11. The high concentration of NaCl dehydrates and kills microorganisms.

12.  Staphylococcus aureus produces yellow colonies with yellow zones, whereas other Staphylococci produce small pink or red colonies with no colour change to the medium.

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