Question

please help me with this genetics question! thank you!

TS =Tumor Suppressor genes

O = Oncogenes

5A. (12pts) Cancer is a genetic disease. Some of the causative mutations are Tumor Suppressor genes, and others convert proto-oncogenes into Oncogenes. In the list of properties below, mark an X in the column for TS, O, or both. TS O both Causes of inherited elevated cancer risk. Leads to uncontrolled cell growth. Typically, spontaneous, gain-of-function mutations. Can cause increased DNA damage. Dominant in pedigrees but recessive at a cellular level. Mutation causing activation of growth factor without ligand Mutation in DNA repair component Exacerbated by carcinogen exposure B. You are developing a mouse model for a human disease. Your hypothesis is that the mutation causes the protein to mis-localize to the endoplasmic reticulum instead of the cell membrane. A. Describe how you would test your hypothesis. (5pts) C. Why might it be better to synthesize human growth hormone in a mammalian cell line than in e. coli or yeast? (5pts)

Answer 1

Answer for 5A:

Causes of inherited elevated cancer risk: both are possible (but mostly its acquired)

Leads to uncontrolled cell growth : property of an oncogene, when activated from a proto-oncogene

Typically, spontaneous, gain of function mutations: both

Can cause increased DNA damage: TS

Dominant in pedigrees but recessive at cellular level: TS (needs both alleles to be affected for full manifestation of symptoms)

Mutation causing activation of growth factor without ligand: oncogenes (constitutively activates receptors in absence of ligand)

Mutation in DNA repair component: TS

Exacerbated by carcinogen exposure: both