Question

3-What arguments favor the notion that all of us carry myriad clones of initiated premalignant cells throughout the body?

Answer 1

Arguments favor this notions are mentioned below

1) presence of polyps in the intestinal tissues.

They are the adenomas and their growth lead to carcinoma

2) presence of germ-line mutant allele and the development of a familial cancer:

APC gene germ line mutation is cones under example of this type,. Individals with mutation in this gene are prone or pedisposed to the development of many colonic adenomatous polyps which latrr may progress into a carcinoma.

3) Denuding or exposing of epithelium by toxic agents:

high consumption of alcohol, lead to die of epithelial cells lining of the  mouth and throat which later stripped away and results in denuding. Now remaing cells start proliferate to compensate for the denuding cells which already carry mutant alleles from tobacco tar. Duevto Clonal expansion in its descendants these cell also acquire other mutations and which later lead development of head and neck cancers.

4) people who die with various clinical conditions such as heart disease, they also have undetected tumors as proved by autopsy reports.