Question

SUMMARY – COMPARE MITOSIS AND MEIOSIS 1. What structures are present in the phases? How many? (Use numbers like 2n, 1n, etc., and terms like dyads, tetrads, replicated chromosomes, chromatids, chromosomes, ...)

Phase	Mitosis	Meiosis I	Meiosis II
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase
Cytokinesis
Ploidy level after all divisions of 2n cell
Number & type of cells produced by division(s)
Function in life cycle

Answer 1

	MEIOSIS I	MITOSIS	MEIOSIS II
Prophase	Condensation of chromosomes and breakdown of nuclear envelope Occurence of crossing over	Chromosomes become noticeable and looks like sister's pair chromatids linked at centromere	Reappearence of spindle fibre and duplicated chromosomes in each new cell
Metaphase	Homologous chromosomes pair move towards equater of the cell	At the equater of the spindle, all the chromosomes lined up in the cell	Duplicated chromosomes proceed towards the center of the cell Instead of one attatchment of centromere with spindle fibre there is two attachment
Anaphase	Homologous chromosomes move towards the opposite poles of the cell	Newly isolated chromosomes are pulled towards the opposite poles of the nuclear spindle in the cell	Division of centermere and separated chromatids move towards the opposite ends of the cell Individual chromatids becomes a individual chromosomes
Telophase	Homologous chromosomes assemble at the poles of the cell	Newly two nuclear envelope is form	Disappearence of spindle fibre and a formation of nuclear membrane around each set of chromosome
Cytokinesis	Division of the cytoplasm of the cell	Division of cytoplasm of the cell	Division of cytoplasm of the cell

Mitosis Daughter cells Telophase Interphase Prophase Metaphase Anaphase 2n 4n Replication Segregation Meiosis Products Telophase of 11 meiosis Prophase Metaphase Anaphase II Telophase Interphase Prophase Metaphase! Anaphase I 15 too 2n 4n Replication Segregation Pairing Segregation Meiosis 1 Figure 2-8 Introduction to Genetic Analysis, Tenth Edition © 2012 W. H. Freeman and Company Meiosis II

MEIOSIS: There is reduction in chromosomal number from diploid (2n) to haploid (n), so four haploid (n) germ cell (sperm or eggs) are formed from one diploid (2n) cell. However, in this cell division the cell undergo twice division.

MITOSIS: In this cell division there is a two identical diploid cell (2n) or haploid cell (n).

Function in life cycle

• Cell cycle accurately duplicate DNA (which are in huge number) in chromosome. This is the prime fuction of cell cycle.
• Whole unicellular organism are reproduced by cellular division.
• Cell division causes the formation of gametes (sperm and egg). In the multicellular animal for sexual reproduction.
• The tissue is repaired and growth takes place in multi cellular animal by cell cycle or cell division.