Question

Human exposure to brevetoxins Brevetoxins impact both aquatic organisms and humans. Select all of the ways that humans may come into contact with brevetoxins. Close proximity to people who are affected by neurotoxic shellfish poisoning Swimming in chlorinated swimming pools near areas that contain red tides Breathing in brevetoxins that were aerosolized by winds and crashing waves Eating fish tainted from brevetoxins Eating shellfish from waters experiencing red tides Close proximity to people who are affected by brevetoxin fish poisoning

Answer 1

The uptake of brevetoxin in humans occurs mainly through dermal contact (swimming in the red tides), inhalation (inhalation of brevetoxins which are produced by the red tides) and ingestion ( swallowing seawater during K.brevis's bloom or digesting the contaminated filter feeding animals).

1. neurotoxic shellfish poisoning caused by accumulation of brevetoxins in shellfish.

2. red tides are airborne, can spread to the near by swimming pool

3. aerolized toxins inhalation which are carried onshore in sea spray.

4. filter feeding fishes are tainted by consuming brevetoxins.

5. shellfish accumulate brevetoxins which results in shellfish poisoning

6. digestion of tainted fish.

THEREFORE, all of the given options are the ways human may come into contact with brevetoxins