Question

15. You cut your finger with a knife: (3 points) a. What cell types are immediately recruited to the site of the injury and how do they function? b. How does inflammation assist in the innate immune response? C. A virus enters the site of the injury - how does the adaptive immune response begin to respond?

Answer 1

15 A) When a person cuts with knife the first cells that appears at the site of the injury are platelets, where they form a clot to stop the bleeding. Platelets then form a clot by releasing proteins and changing their structure form round to spiny to stick properly at the injured site.

B) Platelets to stop bleeding and in further response release chemicals known as cytokines in the blood. Thus, they act in activating the first line of defence system of the body innate immune system causing inflammation or redness at the site of the injury. After that the role of macrophages and neutrophils come into existence they attack the foreign bacteria and virus and kill them by relaesing histones on it.

C) If the virus enters at the site of injury the second line of defence system is activated that is Adaptive immune response. It includes B cells andT cells.  T-cell also known as helper cells are activated by macrophages and a chain of reaction is formed against the foreign particle. T- cells thus activate B- cells which releases specific anigen antibody response against the infection. The antigen bound to antibody and kill them.