Question

Describe the integrity constraints including triggers, domains, and batch processes that you would use to ensure data integrity in one of the main tables(relations).​

MAX. 100 WORDS AND GIVE EXAMPLE FOR UNDERSTANDING

Answer 1

In simple english, data consitancy is the certain format, state or rules in which data should be stored. For example GENDER should have only MALE or FEMALE. To maintain or enforce these data consistancies for databases, Integrity constraints is used. Basically integrity constraints forces data to be in specific format then only stored in database. Integrity constraints are used to implement business rules for databases. There are various categories of integrity constraints:

Domain integrity constraint:
This constraint is set on column level. In this, column or entity is declared with particular data type i.e. integer, character, boolean, float, etc.. For example, if column 'ID' is declared with integer then only numbers are allowed to be stored in this column. No character will be accepted for this column.

Triggers:
Triggers are nothing but actions which are excuted when particular event is occured. In simple words, While performing any operation like insert, delete, update, etc. For example, there is table with columns Prefix, Name, Gender, Birthdate, Age. While executing insert on update query, trigger can be used to set prefix value based on gender and age value can be set based on birthdate. Triggers are created for both before operation and after operation.

Batch processing:
It allows you to group related query statements into a batch and submit them with one call to the database. When you send several query statements to the database at once, you reduce the amount of communication overhead, thereby improving performance and also keeping data consistancy. For example: 'x' amout needs to transfer from 'a' account balance to 'b' account balance. So, there will be two update queries.Considering 1st update query deduction of 'x' amount from 'a' account and certainly some error occurs and didn't perform 2nd update query addition of 'x' amount to 'b' account. In this case amount will be deduct from 'a' but didnt reflect in 'b'. To avoid these kind of situation Bacth processes are used. If any error occured in between of execution of batch process, whole transcation will be rollback to its previous state.

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