Question

Summarize the experiment(s) and answer the following question: Why is this a correlational study and not an experiment (hint: why can't researchers manipulate the independent variable here)? What do you think of their measure of charisma and social skills? Why do you find it satisfactory or unsatisfactory?

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Hippel et al. _2016_ - Quick Thinkers are Smooth Talkers.pdf

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Answer 1

The Hypothesis demanded a correlational study because the researchers are not proposing a causal relation between Mental speed and Social skills, but are saying that the former could influence the latter. (participants are still divided into two groups where the mental speed is the IV and the second group gets an additional task related to physical speed to serve as a control for mental speed.)

The charisma and social skills measure, though was a subjectively rated scale (by participants about their friends), it was needed to establish a baseline level for each participant for the same, which could be then correlated with their performance on the speed tasks. The important factor to consider here is since charisma cand social skills have a high rate of self-biases when responding, having someone else report it gets away with the biases. The measure was suited to the needs of the study.