Heat transfer
A 10 m long and 10 mm inner diameter pipe made of commercial steel
(roughness height = 0.046 mm) is used to heat a liquid in an industrial process.
The liquid enters the pipe with Tin = 25oC and V = 0.8 m/s. A uniform heat flux
is maintained by an electric resistance heater wrapped around the outer surface
of the pipe so that the fluid exits at Texit = 75oC. Taking the average fluid
properties to be: ρ = 1000 kg/m3
, C = 4000 J/kgK, μ = 2×10-3 kg/m.s, k = 0.48
W/mK, and Pr = 10, determine:
(i) the required surface heat flux produced by the heater,
[4 Marks]
(ii) the surface temperature of the pipe at the exit,
[11 Marks]
(iii) the pressure loss through the pipe and the minimum power required to
overcome the resistance to flow.
[4 Marks]
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