Question

A))

(Ransom Note Problem) in python

A kidnapper kidnaps you and writes a ransom note. He does not write it by hand to avoid having his hand writing being recognized, so he uses a magazine to create a ransom note. We need to find out, given the ransom string and magazine string, is it possible to create a given ransom note. The kidnapper can use individual characters of words.

Here is how your program should work to simulate the ransom problem, USING LISTS, no dictionaries:

• your program should prompt the user to enter a long String to represent the magazine and another short String to represent the required ransom note.
• your program needs to check if the magazine string contains all required characters in equal or greater number present in the ransom note.
• your program should print true if it is possible to create the given ransom note from the given magazine, and print false otherwise.
• Break up your code into a set of well-defined functions. Each function should include a comment block that briefly describes it, its parameters and any return values. 


Example: If the magazine string is “programming problems are weird”

If the ransom note is: “no see” your program should print true as all the characters in “no see” exist in the magazine string.

If the ransom note is “no show” your program should print false as not all the characters in “no show” exist in the magazine string as you can see the character ‘h’ does not exist.

B)) Short one

Write Python code to define a class called Student.

The Student class should have the following private fields:

1. name – to store the name of a student
2. attend – to store how many times a student attends the class
3. grades – a list of all student’s grades

The Student class should have the following methods:

1. a constructor (init method)
2. getter method for the name field
3. attendClass method: that increments the attend field by 1 (should be called every time a student attends the class).
4. addGrade method: adds a new grade to the grades list
5. __str__ method: prints all student’s information

In the same file, write a main function to test the functionality of the Student class.

Answer 1

Code for Question - A: Ransom Note Problem in python.

# Taking Magazine text from User
magazine=input("Enter Magazine Text: ")

# Taking ransom text from User
ransom=input("Enter Ransom text: ")

# Running the loop for Small Alphabets a to z
# a=97 ........................ z=122
for i in range(97,123):
c = chr(i) # Type casting - Getting alphabet using ascii value

# Check character count in magazine and ransom text
# if count of character in ransom less then count of character in magazine
# If condition accepted and print False and loop will break
if(magazine.count(c)<ransom.count(c)):
print('False')
break

# For-Else Loop
# If loop runs without any break else condition will be executed
else:
print('True')
  

Code Screenshot:

Output Screenshots:

Code for Question -B : Write Python code to define a class called Student.

# Student class to store Students data
class Student:
# Class intialization method with arguments
def __init__(self,name='', attend=0, grades=[]):
# Assigning to respected values
self.name = name
self.attend = attend
self.grades = grades

# Method to get name from Class instance object
def get_name(self):
return self.name
  
# Method to add attendance to Class instance object
def attendClass(self):
self.attend += 1
# Method to add grades to Class instance object
def addGrade(self, grade):
self.grades.append(grade)

def __str__(self):
result = 'Name: ' + self.name + '\n'
result += 'Number of classes attending: ' + str(self.attend) + '\n'
result += 'Grades are: ' + str(self.grades)
return result

# Main function
if __name__=="__main__":
# Creating Class instance and passign name string
s = Student(name='Ronaldo')
  
# Increasing the class attendance
s.attendClass()

# Adding Grades
s.addGrade(97)
# Increasing the class attendance
s.attendClass()
# Adding Grades
s.addGrade(92)

# Printing Instance Values using class method
print(s.__str__())

Code Screenshots:

Output Screenshot:

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