Question

(a) Somatic mutation

		typically occurs in sex cells.
		decreases with maternal age.
		shows that each of us does not have a single, permanent genotype.
		takes place in the cells that give rise to gametes.

(b) These three things describe how genes affect the environments to which people are exposed.

(c) If a family history of mental retardation, psychological disorders, physical defects, or inherited diseases exists, a genetic counselor prepares a __________, which identifies affected relatives in a couple s family tree.

		pedigree
		carrier detector
		prenatal diagnosis
		genetic diagnosis

(d) Which of the following is another term for sex cells?

		gametes
		autosomes
		alleles
		phenotypes

(e ) Meiosis

		doubles the number of chromosomes normally present in the body cells.
		halves the number of chromosomes normally present in the body cells.
		permits the chromosomes to copy themselves.
		results in dizygotic twins.

(f) Personality characteristics are most likely determined by __________ inheritance.

		X-linked
		polygenic
		dominant
		recessive

(g) Sickle cell anemia

		occurs in full form when a child inherits two recessive genes.
		can be treated during infancy
		if the child is placed on a diet that is low in phenylalanine.
		affects more males than females.
		is a heterozygous condition present in many Jews of European descent.

(h)

According to the epigenetic framework,

		differences in genetic makeup influence individuals responses to the environment.
		heredity restricts the development of some characteristics to just one or a few outcomes.
		genes affect behavior and experiences, and behavior and experiences affect genetic expression.
		individuals actively choose environments that complement their heredity.

Answer 1

a)Occurs in sex cells

c)Pedigree

d)Gametes

e)Halves the number of chromosomes normally present in the body cells.