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The hydrolysis of ATP can occur via more than one pathway. Which one yields the most...

The hydrolysis of ATP can occur via more than one pathway. Which one yields the most energy, and what is involved?

answer choices

a.ATP to ADP, 2 water molecules

b.ATP to AMP, 1 water molecule

c.ATP to AMP, 2 water molecules

d.ATP to ADP, hydride ion

e.ATP to AMP, hydride ion

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Answer #1

a. ATP to ADP, 2 water molecules

In humans approximately 60% of energy is released from hydrolysis of ATP. ATP hydrolysis is the catabolic reaction process by which chemical energy that has been stored in the high energy phosphoanhydride bonds in adenosine triphosphate is released by splitting these bonds, for example, by producing work in the form of mechanical energy.The products are adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and an inorganic phosphate, orthophosphate(Pi).

Hydrolysis of the phosphate groups in ATP is especially exergonic, because the resulting orthophosphate group is greatly stabilized by multiple resonance structures, making the products much lower in energy than the reactant(ATP). The high negative charge density associate with the three adjacent phosphate units of ATP also destabilizes the molecule, making it higher in energy.

ADP can be further hydrolyzed to give energy, adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and another orthophosphate (Pi), which cannot produce much energy.

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