Give an explanation of a threat to internal validity and a threat to external validity in quantitative research. Next, explain a strategy to mitigate each of these threats. Then, identify a potential ethical issue in quantitative research and explain how it might influence design decisions. Finally, explain what it means for a research topic to be amenable to scientific study using a quantitative approach
Internal validity is concerned with the rigor (and thus the degree of control) of the study design. The degree of control exerted over potential extraneous variables determines the level of internal validity. Controlling for potentially confounding variables minimizes the potential for an alternative explanation for treatment effects and provides more confidence that effects are due to the independent variable. Eight threats to internal validity have been defined: history, maturation, testing, instrumentation, regression, selection, experimental mortality, and an interaction of threats.
External validity is the validity of
applying the conclusions of a scientific study outside the context
of that study. In other words, it is the extent to which the
results of a study can be generalized to and across other
situations, people, stimuli, and times.

Give an explanation of a threat to internal validity and a threat to external validity in...
Answer the following questions: 1) Which of the following research designs poses a threat to internal validity called selection? a) one-shot case study b) one-group pretest-post test c) static-group comparison d) one-group 2) This type of research is considered a descriptive methodology in which results of interviews, observations, or questionnaires reveal what is happening at a particular occurrence. It involves recording, describing, analyzing, and interpreting conditions that presently exist. Comparisons and contrasts are attempted to reveal relationships between the non-manipulated...
Threat modelling report in response to a case scenario by
identifying the
threat types and key factors involved.write a report to identify
the threat types
and key factors involved. In doing so, required to identify the
most ‘at-risk’ components, create
awareness among the staff of such high-risk components and how to
manage them. In addition, this report is to
help key stakeholders, including the executive managers, to make
decisions on what course of actions must be
undertaken to mitigate potential...
case study : LTC TOBACCO COMPANY INDIA Specifically, the following critical elements must be addressed: II. Analysis of Social Responsibility. In this part of the project, you will begin your analysis of the case study, examining how the strategy plan of the organization in the case study considers social responsibility. a) Analyze the organization’s strategy plan for compliance with the current acceptable standards or norms relative to social responsibility today. b) Analyze the organization’s strategy plan for any gaps in...
Understanding the sampling process will contribute to your ability to critique research from a consumer's point of view. This week's Forum Discussion will help you to develop your sampling strategy based upon your PICOT. It should be approached in relation to the parameters or attributes of the study population, representative of the defined population, appropriateness of the sampling plan to the research design, appropriateness and justification of the sample size, and evidence that the rights of human participants (subjects) have...
Two of the following three examples have internal validity problems. Identify the one example that does not have an internal validityproblem. For the remaining 2 examples, identify (i) whether the problem is a design confound, a selection effect, or an order effect. Finally, (ii) explain how each of the problematic studies might be changed so that it does not have the internal validity problem. (10 points) b.A cognitive psychologist believes that people learn better when they spread out their studying...
"Every investigation on a topic of interest is research". Discuss the validity or otherwise of the above assertion. -) Time influences research in a manner in which data is collected with respect to time. Given this backdrop, explain with examples the difference between time series, cross sectional and longitudinal research/data. -) Your friend wishes to generate a research idea in the area of procurement. She has examined her own strengths and interest on the basis of her assignments and has...
select the correct answer 1) Which statement about systematic reviews is true? a) All systematic reviews of quantitative studies are meta-analyses. b) “Systematic review” is just another name for a literature review. c) All systematic reviews of quantitative studies are metasyntheses. d) Systematic reviews follow similar “rules” as for primary studies. 2) Which is the unit of analysis in a meta-analysis? a) Prior systematic reviews b) A primary qualitative study c) Individual study participants d) A primary quantitative study 3)...
PPH4805 MNURS1E MaylJune 2016 33 Which research design is most suitable to investigate blind persons' personal experiences of being blind? ethnographic design correlational design 3 phenomenological design 4 descriptive design 5 action research design 34 Threats to internal validity are testing effects maturation effects a c mortality effects d historical external events e the existence of a control group 1 cde 2 bd e 3 a bcd 4 ace 5 a b c 35 In applying the criterion of consistency...
Figure 1 LAN Subnet: 192.168.40.0124 LAN Switch Internet External Firewall Internal Firewall DMZ Subnet: 192.168.10.0/24 LAN devices Web Server running on port 80 IDS (Snort VM) Remote Access Server (Nginx VM) (OpenVPN) Overview Medium to large organisations typically consist of services that are accessed/consumed from external parties for various purposes. As such, a DMZ is a suitable solution to segregate such services from internal networkis). The network diagram provided (Figure 1) illustrates the IT environment of a medium organisation, which...
Discussion questions
1. What is the link between internal marketing and service
quality in the airline industry?
2. What internal marketing programmes could British Airways
put into place to avoid further internal unrest? What potential is
there to extend auch programmes to external partners?
3. What challenges may BA face in implementing an internal
marketing programme to deliver value to its customers?
(1981)ǐn the context ofbank marketing ths theme has bon pururd by other, nashri oriented towards the identification of...