Question

8. According to the lecture on chapter 7 of Religions in the Modern World, which of the following is true?

a) the earliest lasting divisions in the Christian church were due to disagreements over what books should be in the Bible

b) Nestorius was the founder of neo-orthodox theology
c) the Roman Catholic Church established the World Council of Churches

d) the Second Vatican Council affirmed a right to religious freedom

10. Which of the following is true of religion in Africa?

a) indigenous religions traditions often overlap with Christianity and Islam in the same communities b) mainline Protestant churches are in sharp numerical decline

c) Christianity and Islam in Africa are engaging in an increasing amount of interreligious dialogue d) atheism is more widespread in Africa than in Europe

Answer 1

Q8

a) False
Explanation:
Earliest Lasting Divisions in the Christian church were due to people having different views on important aspects of Christianity. If I don’t agree with A on point 1, I will start dominating on B over point 2 as it is contradicting point 1. This is how the division happened.

b) True
Explanation:
Nestorius was regarded as the representative and spiritual leader of Orthodox Christians worldwide. Nestorius was involved in the dispute of two theological factions of Christianity. He tried to find the middle ground between those two disputes and came out with Nestorianism which beliefs in both theologies.

c) False:
Explanation:
World council of Churches was founded in 1948. World Council of Churches members include most of the world's Orthodox churches (Eastern and Oriental), as well as African Instituted, Anglican, Assyrian, Baptist, Evangelical, Lutheran, Mennonite, Methodist, Moravian, Old-Catholic, Pentecostal, Reformed, United/Uniting and Free/Independent churches, Disciples of Christ and Friends (Quakers). {source https://www.oikoumene.org/en)
The Roman Catholic Church is not its member of the World Council of Churches. Hence we can say Roman Catholic Church did not establish the World Council of Churches.

d) True:
Explanation

The Second Vatican Council affirmed a right to religious freedom. Declaration clearly stated the church's support for the liberty of religion. The declaration has created rules by which the church will relate to a secular state both catholic and pluralistic.

10

a) True -
Explanation:
Indigenous Religions Traditions often overlap with Christianity and Islam in the same communities because Islam believes in the message of the Bible and Jesus Christ.

b) True
Explanation:
Mainline Protestants Churches are in Sharp decline in Africa because
1. Migration of Christians to Europe and other parts of Developed countries

2. Persecution of Christians

3. Constant Civil War

4 Increase of Islamic Influence in North Africa

c) True:
Explanation:
Christianity and Islam in Africa are engaging in an increasing amount of interreligious dialogue through a various platform like AFRICAN UNION INTERFAITH DIALOGUE FORUM, UNITED RELIGION INITIATIVE, etc.

d) False:
Explanation

According to the World Religion Database, atheism is more widespread in Europe and Australia. Widespread of Islam is found in Africa according to the World Religion Database. People in Africa who believe in Local religion has a high percentage of people rather any other religion. Hence widespread of Atheism is difficult.