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Give specific examples of structures that are adaptive for the function of akinete and Heterocyst. Make...

Give specific examples of structures that are adaptive for the function of akinete and Heterocyst. Make sure to explain what the function is for each cell and why the structures improve that functionality.
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Answer #1

Heterocyst

1. Special cell wall layer which allows the entry of atmospheric nitrogen and restrict the entry of oxygen, to avoid the damage to the nitrogenase enzyme.

2. Absence of PS II system to avoid O2 formation, which can damage the nitrogenase enzyme.

3. Oxygen which enter will be reacted with hydrogen to form water by oxidase enzyme.

Akinete

1. It store high quantity of glycogen because it is dormant structure that is spore.

2. It has thick walked to become resistant to cold

3. Presence of calcium dipicolinate salt which prevent the DNA damage , which is essential for the survival

4. Peptidoglycan in cell wall is important for the dormancy

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