Question

The menu

Here is what the menu should look like when running your program:

                                        ***********************************

                                        *         FUN MENU             *

                                        ***********************************

                                                <S>um of natural integers

                                                <L>eap year check

                                                <C>ount vowels

                                                <E>xit

Menu tasks

• Sum of natural integers
  • ask users to enter an integer (n), then use for loop to compute the sum of the first n integers and finally display the result. If users enter negative integer display an error message.
• Leap year check
  • ask users to enter a year, then use if else statements to determine if it's a Leap year and finally display the result.

The following definition is how to verify if a year is a leap year taken from Wikipedia.org:

Every year that is exactly divisible by four is a leap year, except for years that are exactly divisible by 100, but these centurial years are leap years if they are exactly divisible by 400. For example, the years 1700, 1800, and 1900 are not leap years, but the years 1600 and 2000 are. For more information feel free to go to: Leap Year Info (외부 사이트로 연결합니다.)

Note: to get full credit you must use if else statements, not multiple if statements. Read the leap year definition carefully before coding. I will look for efficiency in your if else logic. Less efficient code may get deductions. Remember there aren't many leap years in life so quickly ruling out non-leap years is a good tactics.

• Count vowels
  • ask users to enter a string to count for the vowels, then use a while loop to count the number of vowels occurrences in the string (vowels are: a,e,i,o,u. You must count both upper case and lower case ones). Users may enter strings with spaces such as "Looping is a powerful construct in programming languages.". Think about efficiency when determining if a character is a vowel (case insensitivity) by assuming you need to do the counting on strings containing 1M of characters or so.
• Exit
  • simply display the message "The fun is over. Have a nice day!!!" and then invoke exit(0); You must include cstdlib library for this exit library function.

Main function's implementation requirements

• Previous assignments' requirements are applied.
• No global variable is needed in this assignment.
• Main function should contain necessary variables and control structures such as if/else, switch and looping statements.
• Variables declared in main must be properly initialized with default values before they can be used.
• Avoid code redundancy in switch statements.
• In the main function the algorithm for the menu-driven program will be similar to the following:
  • Declare needed variables
  • Use a do while loop
  • The body of the do while loop will contain the following:
    • Show the menu.
    • Ask users to select a choice ('S', 's', 'L', 'l', 'C', 'c', 'E', 'e').
    • Use a switch statement to handle users' selections: if users select 'S' or 's' perform Sum of natural integer task. If users select 'L' or 'l' perform LeapYear check,... (you get the idea). The default case in the switch statement is to handle users' invalid choice which should output a warning message like: "Warning: invalid choice! Enter S,s or L,l or C,c or E,e only please.". Again no redundant code or repeated code should be used for similar user choice such 'E' and 'e', or 'S' and 's', ....

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

NOTE: For all input readings that use getline function (Counting Vowels is one) you may need to flush the input stream (still containing left over characters from previous input/keyboard operations) prior to invoking getline by placing the following code just before the getline statement:

                       if (cin.peek ( ) == '\n')  

                              cin,ignore ( ); // flush the '\n' character from input stream

// now use getline to read the entire line including spaces

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Make this for me!

Answer 1

C++ Program:

#include <iostream>
#include <cstdlib>

using namespace std;

//Function that computes sum of N numbers
void sumN()
{
int n, i, sum=0;
  
//Reading a NUMBER
cout << "\n Enter a number: ";
cin >> n;
  
//Looping
for(i=1; i<=n; i++)
{
//Accumulating sum
sum = sum + i;
}
  
//Printing sum
cout << "\n Sum of " << n << " natural numbers: " << sum << " \n";
}

//Function that checks for leap year
void leapYearCheck()
{
int year;
  
cout << "\n Enter Year: ";
cin >> year;
  
// Exactly divisible by 400
if (year%400 == 0)
cout << year << " is a leap year.\n";
// Exactly divisible by 100 and not by 400
else if (year%100 == 0)
cout << year << " is not a leap year. \n";
// Exactly divisible by 4 and neither by 100 nor 400
else if (year%4 == 0)
cout << year << " is a leap year.\n";
// Not divisible by 4 or 100 or 400
else
cout << year << " is not a leap year. \n";
}

//Function that counts vowels
void countVowels()
{
string str;
int cnt=0, i;
  
//Reading string from user
cout << "\n Enter a string: ";
if (cin.peek ( ) == '\n')
cin.ignore ( ); // flush the '\n' character from input stream
getline(cin, str);
  
//Iterating over each character
for(i=0; i<str.length(); i++)
{
switch(str[i])
{
case 'a':
case 'A':
case 'e':
case 'E':
case 'i':
case 'I':
case 'o':
case 'O':
case 'u':
case 'U': cnt += 1; break;
}
}
  
cout << "\n\n Total number of vowels: " << cnt << "\n";
}

//Function that prints the menu
void menu()
{
cout << "\n *********************************** ";
cout << "\n * FUN MENU *";
cout << "\n *********************************** ";
cout << "\n \t <S>um of natural integers \n\t <L>eap year check \n\t <C>ount vowels \n\t <E>xit\n";
}

// Main function
int main()
{
char ch;
  
while(1)
{
//Printing menu
menu();
cout << "\n Enter your choice: ";
cin >> ch;
  
//Calling respective function
switch(ch)
{
case 'S':
case 's': sumN(); break;
  
case 'L':
case 'l': leapYearCheck(); break;
  
case 'C':
case 'c': countVowels(); break;
  
case 'E':
case 'e': cout << "\n The fun is over. Have a nice day!!! \n"; exit(0);
}
}
  

return 0;
}

___________________________________________________________________________________________________

Sample Run: