Question

6. Recessive sex-linked traits

1. are never observed in females

2. are never observed in males

3. are more commonly observed in females

4. are more commonly observed in males

5. are observed with no bias

7. Which of the following is NOT a covalent bonde

1. phosphodiester bond

2. glycosidic bond

3. base pair H-bond

4. phosphoester bond

5. peptide bond

8. The RNA World Hypothesis

1. states RNA is the DNA message

2. states our protein world arose from earlier RNA certeres

3. is supported by the existence of ribozymes

4. B and C

5. all of the above

9. Nucleic acid synthesis is always

1. 3’ to 5’

2. 5' to 3'

3. double stranded

4. N-terminus to C-terminus

5. B and C

10. Proteins recognize RNA

1. through specific nucleotide base pairs in the major groove of OSRNA

2. through specific nucleotide base pairs in the minor groove of OSRNA

3. via similarities to DNA

4. Via RNA secondary and tertiary structure

5. proteins do not interact with RNA

Answer 1

Answer-

1. X-linked recessive diseases most often occur in males. Males have only one X chromosome. A single recessive gene on that X chromosome will cause the disease. In contrast  Y chromosome is the other half of the XY gene pair in the male. However, the Y chromosome doesn't contain most of the genes of the X chromosome. Because of that, it doesn't protect the male. Hence the answer is sex linked recessive traits are more commonly observed in males.

2. A Phosphodiester bond is a covalent bond that is mainly found in nucleic acids(DNA and RNA) in which a phosphate group joins adjacent carbons through ester linkages. Glycosidic bonds are covalent chemical bonds that link ring-shaped sugar molecules to other molecules. Phosphoester bonds are strong covalent bonds, so the nucleic acid backbone does not break easily. A peptide bond is an amide type of covalent chemical bond linking two consecutive alpha-amino acid. In contrast to that Hydrogen bonding (H-bond) is a non-covalent type of bonding between molecules or within them, intermolecularly or intramolecularly. Hence the answer is base pair with H-bond.

3. The answer of this question is all of the above.

4. Nucleic acid synthesis is always takes place in 5'-3' direction. Because DNA polymerase acts on the 3'-OH of the existing strand for adding free nucleotides.

5. The proteins recognise RNA via secondary and tertiary structure.