Question

Match the definition with the vocabulary word that best fits the definition.

The library used for formatting output.
The location of a variable in memory
The library used to read and write to files
Data that is passed back to the calling function as the function ends.
When an argument is passed to a function this way, a copy of the argument (or of the value stored in the argument variable) is copied into a function parameter variable.
A statement that invokes a function.
A variable defined inside a function that retains its value between function calls.
Two functions that have the same name but different parameters are said to be...
A constant that is defined outside the main and all function definitions. The scope of the variable is the entire program.
A variable that is defined within a function body. The scope of the variable is just that function.
This operator is used to calculate the remainder of two integers
The library that you use when reading and writing to the console Choices: do while if else and iomanip not scope pass by value while or function static variable global constant for function definition return value % switch cstdlib function call local variable address overloaded iostream fstream

Answer 1

/* here all the examples with examples are given in c++ */ The library used for formatting output.       Program code: #include<iostream> #include<iomanip> // library used for output formatting using namespace std; main() {           cout<<"hello world"<<endl;           cout<<setw(15)<<" it is c++"; } Output: Explain: Here for iomanip library is used for output formatting. The function set() function is defined in iomanip and setw takes value 15, means the first character of “it is c++" will start 15 character right from the left.	iomanip
The location of a variable in memory   Program code: #include<iostream> #include<iomanip> using namespace std; main() {           int p=10;           cout<<&p; } Output: Explain: Here variable p has the location in memory, which is denoted by &p. It is 0X22feac	address
The library used to read and write to files   Program code: #include <iostream> #include <fstream> // library is used for file read write operation using namespace std; int main () { ofstream fo; // open file output mode to write data in file ifstream fi; // open file output mode to write data in file string line; fo.open ("data.txt"); // open file write mode fo << "Writing this to a file.\n"; // content stored in file fo.close(); fi.open ("data.txt"); // open file read mode if (fi.is_open()) {     while ( getline (fi,line) ) // read from the file     {       cout << line << '\n';     }     fi.close(); } } Output: Explain: Here fstream is a library which is used to read and write data in file. Here using stream classes ofstream and ifstream, the message “Writing this to a file” is stored in file data.txt and read from file data.txt respectively.	fstream
Data that is passed back to the calling function as the function ends. Program code: #include<iostream> #include<iomanip> using namespace std; int sum(int a,int b) {           int z;           z=a+b;           return(z); } main() {           int x,y,c;           cout<<"Enter first value: ";           cin>>x;           cout<<"Enter another value: ";           cin>>y;           c=sum(x,y); // return the value of z to c           cout<<"Addition is: "<<c; } Output: Explain: Here the addition of a and b is stored in variable z. This variable return the value (a+b) to calling function sum(x,y) and the returned value is stored in variable c.	return value
When an argument is passed to a function this way, a copy of the argument (or of the value stored in the argument variable) is copied into a function parameter variable.   Program code: #include<iostream> #include<iomanip> using namespace std; // here variables x,y are copied into function parameter a,b int sum(int a,int b) {           int z;           z=a+b;               return(z); } main() {           int x,y,c;           cout<<"Enter first value: ";           cin>>x;           cout<<"Enter another value: ";           cin>>y;           c=sum(x,y);           cout<<"Addition is: "<<c; } Output: Explain: Here the values of argument x, y 10,20 respectively(as per output) are passed to variable a,b of sum() function parameters. So z will store 10+20=30	pass by value
A statement that invokes a function. Program code: #include<iostream> using namespace std; float volume(float); main() {           float x, y;           cout<<"Enter side: \n";           cin>>x;           y = volume(x);       // function calling           cout<<"\nThe volume is: "<<y<<"\n"; } float volume(float p) {           float n;           n = p * p * p;           return n; } Output Explain: Here volume() function is calling function in main with the syntax: y = volume(x); Function calling invoke volume() function in main() function.	function call
A variable defined inside a function that retains its value between function calls. Program code: #include<iostream> #include<iomanip> using namespace std; void cal() {     /* variable is declared as static */           static int count = 0;           cout<<count<<" ";           count++; } main() {           for (int i=0; i<5; i++)               /* cal() function increase the count variable           which is declared in cal() function but can retain           the value in main function call also */         cal();           } Output Explain: Here count variable is static, is is declared in cal() function , but its value retains in main function. So running loop 5 times in main function variable count prints the values 0 1 2 3 4 through cal() function.	static variable
Two functions that have the same name but different parameters are said to be... Program code: #include<iostream> #include<iomanip> using namespace std; double area(double a, double b) // same function with two parameter {           double z;           z=a*b;               return(z); } double area(double r) // same function with one parameter {           double z;           z=3.141*r*r;               return(z); } main() {           double m,n,p,c,d;           cout<<"Enter the length: ";           cin>>m;           cout<<"Enter the breadth: ";           cin>>n;           cout<<"Enter the radius: ";           cin>>p;           c=area(m,n); // same function with two parameter           cout<<"Area of rectangle is: "<<c<<endl;           d=area(p); // same function with one parameter           cout<<"Area of circle is: "<<d; } Output: Explain: Here area() function is overloaded, in one area function there are two parameters a,b In another area() functions there is one parameter r.	overloaded
A constant that is defined outside the main and all function definitions. The scope of the variable is the entire program. Program code: #include<iostream> #include<iomanip> using namespace std; /*constant value pi=3.141 as global variable used in two functions */ const double pi=3.141; double area_cylinder(double a, double b) {           double z;           z=2*pi*a*a+b*(2*pi*a);     //pi is used           return(z); } double area_circle(double r) {           double z;           z=pi*r*r;     //pi is used           return(z); } main() {           double m,n,p,c,d;           cout<<"Enter the hieght: ";           cin>>m;           cout<<"Enter the radius: ";           cin>>p;           c=area_cylinder(m,p);           cout<<"Area of cylinder is: "<<c<<endl;           d=area_circle(p);           cout<<"Area of circle is: "<<d; } Output Explain: Here variable pi is declared as constant and its scope is within entire program. Here pi is used in area_cylinder() and area_circle() function as global constant.	global constant
A variable that is defined within a function body. The scope of the variable is just that function. Program code: #include<iostream> #include<iomanip> using namespace std; double add( double a, double b) {           // scope of the variable c is within the function.           // it can not be used in sub function           double c;           c=a+b;           return(c); } double sub( double a, double b) {     c=a-b;   // the variable c is declared in c           return(c); } main() {           double m,n,p,c,d;           cout<<"Enter a value: ";           cin>>m;           cout<<"Enter another value: ";           cin>>p;           c=add(m,n);           cout<<"Addition is: "<<c<<endl;           d=sub(m,n);           cout<<"Substract is: "<<d; } Output “Error:” ‘c’ was not declared in this scope Explain: Here scope of variable c is local as within add () function. So it cannot be used in sub () function. So error occurs.	local variable
This operator is used to calculate the remainder of two integers     Program code: #include<iostream> #include<iomanip> using namespace std; main() {           int m,p;           int c;           cout<<"Enter a value: ";           cin>>m;           cout<<"Enter another value: ";           cin>>p;     c=m%p;           cout<<"Remainder is: "<<c<<endl;           } Output Explain: Here % is used to calculate remainder of two values. If one value is 3 and another is 2. So, remainder will be 3%2 =1	%
The library that you use when reading and writing to the console Program: #include<iostream> #include<iomanip> using namespace std; main() {           int m,p;           int c;           cout<<"Enter a value: ";           cin>>m;           cout<<"Enter another value: ";           cin>>p;     c=m%p;           cout<<"Remainder is: "<<c<<endl;           } Output: Explain: Here in iostream library cout and cin are defined. cout is used to display data at console. cin is used for taking input from cosole.	iostream