Question

a) What options (agents not Methods) would you consider in controlling mosquitos.

b) What areas will breed both the both the house fly and blow flies together.

c) What types of insects would you find breeding abundantly at the bottom of residential and  recreational lake

Answer 1

Answer a :

Options which are consider for the controlling mosquitos through agents are Bioagenets Like fish and cyprinids which eats the larva of the mosquitos

Biological control or "biocontrol" is the use of natural enemies to manage mosquito populations. There are several types of biological control including the direct introduction of parasites, pathogens and predators to target mosquitoes. Effective biocontrol agents include predatory fish that feed on mosquito larvae such as mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) and some cyprinids (carps and minnows) and killifish. Tilapia also consume mosquito larvae. Direct introduction of tilapia and mosquitofish into ecosystems around the world have had disastrous consequences. However, utilizing a controlled system via aquaponics provides the mosquito control without the adverse effects to the ecosystem.

Other predators include dragonfly (fly) naiads, which consume mosquito larvae in the breeding waters, adult dragonflies, which eat adult mosquitoes, and some species of lizard and gecko. Biocontrol agents that have had lesser degrees of success include the predator mosquito Toxorhynchites and predator crustaceans—Mesocyclops copepods, nematodes and fungi.Predators such as birds, bats, lizards, and frogs have been used, but their effectiveness is only anecdotal.

Like all animals, mosquitoes are subject to disease. Invertebrate pathologists study these diseases in the hope that some of them can be utilized for mosquito management. Microbial pathogens of mosquitoes include viruses, bacteria, fungi, protozoa, nematodes and microsporidia.

Dead spores of the soil bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis, especially Bt israelensis (BTI) interfere with larval digestive systems. It can be dispersed by hand or dropped by helicopter in large areas. BTI loses effectiveness after the larvae turn into pupae, because they stop eating.

Two species of fungi can kill adult mosquitoes: Metarhizium anisopliae and Beauveria bassiana.

Integrated pest management (IPM) is the use of the most environmentally appropriate method or combination of methods to control pest populations. Typical mosquito-control programs using IPM first conduct surveys, in order to determine the species composition, relative abundance and seasonal distribution of adult and larval mosquitoes, and only then is a control strategy defined.

Answer : b :

Blowflies and houseflies are mechanical vectors inhabiting synanthropic environments around the world. They feed and breed in fecal and decaying organic matter, but the microbiome they harbour and transport is largely uncharacterized. We sampled 116 individual houseflies and blowflies from varying habitats on three continents and subjected them to high-coverage,

House Flies may be found feeding and breeding in fresh manure, rotting fruits and vegetables, garbage, damp garbage, and decaying organic materials that are located outside of the structure. Most of the time, when you find house flies inside, it is because they are coming inside the structures.

If the flies are found inside the light covers in the ceiling, it means the flies emerged either in the ceiling or from the wall. The breeding source might be either in the ceiling or a wall. Outdoors, inspect the area for dead animals; any nearby dumpsters or other garbage containers should be inspected

Answer : c :

insect that are breeding abundantly at the bottom of residential and recreation places is blowflies and houseflies termites , Fruit Flies ,Weevils

• Dust Mites. 1/10. Unpleasant though they may be, every house has dust mites. ...
• Weevils. 2/10. ...
• Carpet Beetles. 3/10. ...
• Centipedes. 4/10. ...
• Fruit Flies. 5/10. ...
• Stinkbugs. 6/10. ...
• Ants. 7/10. ...
• Cockroaches. 8/10.