Question

In a reproduction of an experiment famously performed by Louis Pasteur, you cultured yeast in the absence of oxygen (anaerobic growth) and measured (1) the rate of cell division, (2) the rate of glucose consumption, and (3) the intracellular ATP:ADP ratio. You then moved the cells to an incubator containing normal atmosphere (i.e., 21% oxygen), completed a second set of measurements, and made the following observations:

• The rate of cell division increased considerably after the addition of oxygen (aerobic growth)
• Glucose consumption dropped dramatically after the addition of oxygen
• Intracellular ATP:ADP ratios increased significantly (from 2:1 in the absence of oxygen to 10:1 in the presence of oxygen)

Explain how the mitochondria in the yeast contribute to the dramatic drop in glucose utilization and increase in ATP concentrations in the presence of oxygen

Answer 1

Answer:-Glucose utilisation is decreased in presence of oxygen and ATP concentration is increased because in absence of oxygen glucose is converted into ethanol(in yeast )which results low amount energy released as compare to aerobic respiration.so,to perform basic life functions yeast require energy which in absent of oxygen perform by high utilisation of glucose as compare to aerobic respiration.

glucose → ethanol + carbon dioxide

C₆H₁₂O₆ → 2C₂H₅OH + 2C0₂

_{in aerobic respiration,glucose break down completely into carbon dioxide and water which release a large amount of energy as compare to anaerobic respiration.so,less glucose is utlise to produce energy reguire to produce basic life function.hence,glucose utilisation decrease and ATP production increases.}

c₆H₁₂O₆ + 6 O₂ → 6 CO₂ + 6 H₂O + heat + 38 ATP

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