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Question 1 What, according to Hobbes, is the chief end of forming a commonwealth? Group of...

Question 1

What, according to Hobbes, is the chief end of forming a commonwealth?

Group of answer choices

Survival

Development of morality

Survival of the fittest

Preservation of property

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Answer #1

Thomas Hobbes (1588 1679 CE) was an English philosopher, whose primary work and stream of thoughts were engaged in political philosophy. His most famous book written by him was the " Leviathan", which is said to have laid the foundations for many Western political strategies. He broadly believed that if men (aka society) were to be left to be in it's natural state, i.e..natural condition of mankind, where in there may be no authority to guide or ban them, then they would ruin the whole race of existence, as he perceived human beings to be "selfish creatures" to their core. They would, out of their inborn nature of wanting power and being competitive for the same, would bring the society and the human race at a merciful conditions if there was no one to rule or abide over them. Thus, to "survive" the worst and for the "survival" of the human race to be more apt and longer as well, he professed he idea or absolute sovereignty. A basic contract for the commonwealth of mankind and individuals to be vested in one central an common authority, the authority which in turn had the power to punish those who break the contract of cooperation. He believed that people would, due to fear of punishment, keep the contract of commonwealth functioning smoothly.

Thus, "survival",  becomes the chief end for forming a commonwealth. He further also advocated that commonwealth could be formed by means of agreement or force. Even though there may be resistance initially for the sovereign rule, its acquisition would hold equal right of dominition over the public and responsibility of the safe keeps of their commonwealth's. The sovereign rule would be the "know all" body of power to maintain the peace and order for its subjects. For this, Hobbes further elaborated that three forms of sovereign authority could be created, which were monarchy, aristocracy and democracy. Of all these, he believed that monarchy would be the best because of it's consistency and less conflicts arising within the same, thus decision making body being just one, rather than different branches spread out.

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