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What gives bacteria cell walls their structural integrity, how, and why is that important?

What gives bacteria cell walls their structural integrity, how, and why is that important?

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Peptidoglycans are the major component of the bacterial cell walls. These are the polymer of disaccharide N-acetylglucosamine (NAG) and N-acetlymuramic acid (NAM) cross-linked by short peptide chains. This peptidoglycan crosslinking provides bacteria cell walls their structural integrity and are important for their stability and flexibility to hold out through stress.

It protects the bacteria from damage as it is tough and rigid structure determines cell shape. Simultaneously it manages to pass small molecules to the membrane and acts as a filter, and prevent bursting due to changing osmotic pressures.

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