Question

Write a reflection on how capacitors and inductors affect the behavior of circuits that are driven by sinusoidal voltages and current. Describe what capacitors and inductor are and what they do. And describe how they affect circuits.

Answer 1

Capacitor:-

A capacitor is a device consisting of two conducting "plates" separated by an insulating material. ... The capacitance C of a capacitor separating charges +Q and −Q, with voltage V across it, is defined as C=QV

Capacitors are widely used as parts of electrical circuits in many common electrical devices. Unlike a resistor, a capacitor does not dissipate energy. Instead, a capacitor stores energy in the form of an electrostatic field between its plates.

In effect, the current "sees" the capacitor as an open circuit. ... Thus, a capacitor lets more current flow as the frequency of the source voltage is increased. Capacitive reactance. As we've seen, AC current can flow through a circuit with a capacitance.

Inductor:-

An inductor, also called a coil, choke, or reactor, is a passive two-terminal electrical component that stores energy in a magnetic field when electric current flows through it. ... As a result, inductors oppose any changes in current through them.

An inductor is a passive electronic component which is capable of storing electrical energy in the form of magnetic energy. Basically, it uses a conductor that is wound into a coil, and when electricity flows into the coil from the left to the right, this will generate a magnetic field in the clockwise direction

An inductor is a passive electronic component which is capable of storing electrical energy in the form of magnetic energy. Basically, it uses a conductor that is wound into a coil, and when electricity flows into the coil from the left to the right, this will generate a magnetic field in the clockwise direction

Effects of inductance.

As the amount of inductance in an AC circuit increases, so will the amount by which the current lags the voltage. The amount of lag is measured in electrical degrees.