Question

• Vector Control and Malaria: Explore how effective public health measures, such as bed nets and indoor spraying, can be controlling the spread of malaria by themselves and in combination with other measures. Include the successes and challenges of this measure in your response.

Answer 1

Ans: Malaria is a disease caused by a parasite. The parasite is spread to humans through the bites of infected mosquitoes. People who have malaria usually they feel very sick, with a high fever and shaking chills. In Each year, approximately 210 million people are infected from malaria, and about 440,000 people die from the disease. Most of the people who die from the disease are young children in Africa.

While the disease is uncommon in temperate climates, malaria is still common in tropical and subtropical countries. World health officials are trying to decreasd the incidence of malaria by distributing bed nets to help protect people from mosquito bites as they sleep. Scientists around the world are running to develop a vaccine to prevent malaria.

If you're traveling to locations where malaria is common, take steps to prevent mosquito bites by wearing protective clothes, using insect repellants and sleeping under the mosquito nets. Depending on the area you are visiting and your individual risk factors for infection, you may also want to take preventive medicine before, during and after your trip. Many malaria parasites are now resistant to the most common drugs used to treat the disease.

Symptoms

A malaria infection is generally characterized by the following signs:

• Chills
• Fever
• Headache
• Nausea and vomiting
• Muscle pain and fatigue

Other signs and symptoms may include:

• Cough
• Chest or abdominal pain
• Sweating

  Prevention

  If you traveling to an area where malaria is common, take steps to avoid mosquito bites. Mosquitoes are most active between dusk and dawn. To protect yourself from mosquito bites, you should:

• Cover your skin. Wear pants and long-sleeved shirts/t-shirt
• Apply insect repellant to skin and clothing. Sprays containing DEET can be used on skin as well as sprays containing permethrin are safe to apply to clothing.
• Sleep under a net. Bed nets, particularly those deal with insecticide, help prevent mosquito bites while you are sleeping.

• Preventive medicine

  If you're going to be traveling to a region where malaria is common, talk to your doctor a few months ahead of time about whether you should take drugs before, during and after your trip to help protect you from malaria parasites.

  In general, the drugs taken to safe malaria are the same drugs used to treat the disease. Your doctor needs to know when and where you'll be traveling so that he or she could help you evaluate your risk for infection and, if necessary, prescribe the drug that will work best on the type of malaria parasite most commonly found in that region.

  No vaccine yet

  Scientists over the world are trying to develop a safe and effective vaccine for malaria. however, there is still no malaria vaccine approved for human use.