Question

A.Describe one similarity and one difference between skeletal muscle cells and cardiac muscle cells?

B.When action potential arrives at the axonal terminal of neuromuscular junction
(NMJ), name the neurotransmitter released to the synaptic cleft. Name the ion
channel responsible for the binding to the neurotransmitter

(c) When action potential arrives and travels down the T-tubule of skeletal muscle cells,
this triggers the release of calcium ions from sarcoplasmic reticulum. Briefly
explain how calcium ions are involved in initiating muscle contraction.
(d) What is the type of tissue bone cells belong to? Name and briefly explain the
function of any TWO bone cells found in the bone tissue.

Answer 1

A

Difference and similarity between skeletal and Cardiac muscle

S.no.	Skeletal muscle	Cardiac muscle
1	these are cylindrical and fibres are unbranched	cylindrical but fibre are branched
2	Voluntary and fibre occur in bundle	involuntary and fibre occur in three dimension network
3	Intercalated discs is absent	intercalated discs is present
4	Mitochondria are moderately abundant	mitochondria are abudant
5	They easily get fatigued	They fo not
6	Contraction is quickly	Rhythmic

Similarity

1 The both are are having similar

2 There end are blend

3 Muscle fibres are cylindrical

4 Rich of blood supply

5 Myoglobin is abundant etc.

B

Neural signals reach the neuromuscular junction release a neurotransmitter example acetylcholine in that generate the action potential in the sarcolemma

Acetylcholine is present in muscle cells and other excitatory neurotransmitter present in the synaptic vesicles are ephedrine, norephedrine glutamate wild dopamine, serotonin acceptor are the inhibitory neurotransmitter

Neurotransmitter bind with specific receptor molecule of the post synaptic membrane this binding open sodium Ion channel allowing the entry of sodium Ion which can generate a new potential in the post synaptic neurons

C

When the nerve impulse reach the sarcoplasmic reticulum >voltage gated Calcium channel> open release of calcium lead to cross Bridge formation actin-myosin complex formed caused muscle contractions

D

The following are the bone cell and their function

Osteogenic

osteoblast

there are outer and inner layer of special bone forming cell the osteoblast that produce new Osteo cyst which secret new lamellae of matrix and function as to bone formation

Osteocyst

osteoclast

Present at the surface of old and needed bone and function as bone reabsorption

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