Question

please answer the following and explain. thank you for your help

ADAPTATIONS FOR DEFENSE AGAINST HERBIVORY Chemical Defenses

:22. What is the benefit of having an inducible chemical defense, as opposed to a constitutive chemical defense? (an inducible defense is when the chemical is produced when herbivory is taking place as opposed to a constitutive defense where the chemical is always present)

A. Inducible chemical defense best deters herbivory.

B. With inducible defense, predation will take place before a defense compound is produced which means there is damage to the plant before a defense is employed.

C. With inducible defense herbiores are deterred even if no defense compound is produced.

D. With inducible defenses energy is conserved by only producing secondary compounds when needed instead of continually.

Morphological Defenses:

23. What type of herbivore would leaf hairs (fuzzy leaves) defend against as compared to large thorns?

A. If the herbivore is small, hairs would prevent it from getting to the plant surface.

B. Hairs woulddeter herbivoresthat can fly.

C. Hairs will deter larger animals and thorns will deter smaller herbivores such as insects.

D. Although many largeherbivores would be deterred by leaf hairs, some smallherbivores may also be deterredif this defense is combined with a smooth waxy surface.

Mutualism with Ants:

24.There arecosts and benefits to a plant that provides housing but no food for the ants compared to a plant that provides housing andfood. What is a cost to the plant that does not provide food?

A. A cost that the plants not providing food would need to grow taller to reduce herbivory.

B. The cost to the plant that does not makefood for the ants is the energy saved by not having to make food.

C. The plant may also gain resources as a carbon source will be brought to it by the ants which would be a cost to the plant.

D. If food is not provided to the ants they will need to go off of the plant to forage for foodreducing the plants defenses.

E. The antswill starveand not be able to defend the plant.

Answer 1

22)Option D is correct D. With inducible defenses energy is conserved by only producing secondary compounds when needed instead of continually

23)Option A is correct A. If the herbivore is small, hairs would prevent it from getting to the plant surface.

24)Option A is correct A cost that the plants not providing food would need to grow taller to reduce herbivory.