Question

What region is found near the upstream end of the coding portion of the gene ?

a. regulatory switch

b. promoter

c. messenger RNA

d. RNA polymerase

What molecule must bind to the promoter in order for transcription to proceed?

Select one:

a. messenger RNA

b. RNA polymerase

c. transfer RNA

d. regulatory switch

Name the parts of the DNA (represented as blue, red, and green in the animation) that are found upstream of the gene and influence its expression.

Select one:

a. regulatory switches

b. messenger RNAs

c. promoters

d. RNA polymerases

What molecules land on the blue, red, and green parts and influence their function?

Select one:

a. regulatory molecules

b. RNA polymerases

c. messenger RNAs

d. transfer RNAs

Different switches can be active at different times during development and in different cells, allowing the gene products to be expressed at the appropriate times and places.

Select one:

True

False

What molecules are produced by transcription of the gene?

Select one:

a. messenger RNAs

b. transfer RNAs   

c. RNA polymerases

d. regulatory molecules

When the GFP gene relaxes and opens up, the amount of GFP mRNA decreases.

Select one:

True

False

The DNA in our bodies is wrapped around proteins called:

Select one:

a. epigenomes

b. acetyl tags

c. methyl tags

d. histones

Chemicals that attach to cytosine and silence the gene by blocking transcription are called:

Select one:

a. methyl tags

b. epigenomes

c. histones

d. acetyl tags

The second layer of structure, involving chemical tags influencing gene expression is called the:

Select one:

a. histone

b. epigenome

c. genome

d. proteome

Which environmental factors can change epigenetic tags on genes?

Select one:

a. toxins

b. diet

c. stress   

d. all of these answers

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Question text

The probable origin of the endoplasmic reticulum and the nuclear membrane of eukaryotic cells were the infoldings of the plasma membrane of ancestral prokaryotic cells.

Select one:

True

False

Microorganisms that live within other cells and perform functions for them are known as:

Select one:

a. endosymbionts

b. epigenomes

c. polymerases

d. histones

Mitochondria and chloroplasts are surrounded by double membranes; the inner membrane probably is derived from the original prokaryote’s plasma membrane and the outer membrane probably is derived from the infolded plasma membrane of the host cell.

Select one:

True

False

Mitochondria are similar to photosynthetic bacteria and chloroplasts are similar to purple bacteria.

Select one:

True

False

The DNA of mitochondria and chloroplasts is:

Select one:

a. eukaryotic

b. circular

c. epigenetic

d. linear

What advantage might the eukaryotic cell have gained from having the early mitochondrion living inside it?

Select one:

a. organic nutrients from the mitochondrion

b. ATP produced by the mitochondrion

c. disease resistance

d. protection

Answer 1

1) at the upstream end of the coding region of the gene is the promoter, so the answer is b) promoter

2) RNA polymerase binds to the promoter so that the gene is transcribed so the answer is b) RNA polymerase.