1. For each of the following compounds, list the type of intermolecular forces holding it together...
1. For each of the following compounds, list the type of intermolecular forces holding it together and rank them in order from lowest to highest melting points: acetaldehyde, sodium formate, ethanol and propane
2. If the melting point of an unknown sample is 134oC, what is the best way to determine whether it is Cinnamic Acid (mp 133134oC) or Urea (mp 132135oC)?
3. What is the typical melting point range for a pure solid?
4. List three specific experimental errors that could cause your melting point to be inaccurate.
Homework Answers
Acetaldehyde has dipole - dipole interactions among its molecules
Sodium formate has electrostatic interactions among sodium and formate ions
Ethanol has intermolecular hydrogen bonds among its molecules.
Propane has weak Lodon forces among its molecules.
NOW,
The strength of inter molecular forces is,
Lodon forces < dipole - dipole interactions < hydrogen bond < ionic bond
SO, the the increasing order of melting points is,
Propane < Acetaldehyde < Ethanol < Sodium formate
2.
The melting point of unknown compound is very close to the melting of Cinnamic acid.
Hence the unknown compound is Cinnamic acid.
3.
For pure solid the melting point range should be less than over 2 degree C
4.
Presence of impurity.
Equipment error
Handling error
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