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An astronaut wants to determine the mass of objects she finds in space. On Earth she...

An astronaut wants to determine the mass of objects she finds in space. On Earth she chooses a spring and attaches a rock to it that weighs 20 N. After placing the rock on a horizontal table, and attaching the spring horizontally to a fixed point, she stretches the rock 2 cm from equilibrium, in the positive direction. She then releases it from rest. After 30 s has passed, she finds that the rock has gone through 10 cycles and is at a new positive maximum value, which is 1 cm from equilibrium.

(a) What is the time constant of the decay?

(b) Find a function that describes the motion, including damping, of the spring and mass system that is only a function of time. Assume time starts when the mass is released.

(c) Later, during the return from a mission on Mars (no gravity), she wants to know the mass of an unknown rock she’s found. This rock is attached to the same spring, which is now attached to the wall of the spacecraft. The mass is disturbed from equilibrium and the period of the resulting oscillations is found to be 2 s. What is the ratio of the mass of the new rock to the mass of the rock found on Earth?

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